Bohlool B B, Schmidt E L, Beasley C
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Nov;34(5):523-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.34.5.523-528.1977.
Nitrification by intertidal sediments was measured by using a tide simulator that approximated the cycle of seawater on tidal flats. Sediments were chosen from sites affected by industrial and municipal effluents and pastoral seepage and runoff. The ability of sediments from different sites to nitrify endogenous nitrogen varied markedly. All sites exhibited an initial lag before activity commenced. The duration of this lag and the rate of nitrate production were different at each site. The sediments were also capable of oxidizing NH3-N supplied to them in seawater. This "nitrification potential" was highest at sites receiving nitrogenous effluents (slaughterhouse and sewage), but was also substantial in sediments affected by bark extract effluent and pasture runoff. The lowest potential and the longest lag were exhibited by sediments in an apple cannery effluent area. Enrichment cultures of nitrifying microorganisms were obtained from all sites using NH4+ as a source of energy, but enrichments for nitrite oxidizers were unsuccessful. Concentrated pine bark tannins, similar in origin to those in effluents at the well-nitrifying chipmill site, were tested for toxicity to pure cultures of nitrifying bacteria. Two Nitrobacter strains and one Nitrosomonas strain were unaffected by tannins even at 5 mg/ml. A Nitrosolobus and a Nitrosospira strain were inhibited partially at 5 mg/ml and only slightly or not at all at 1 mg/ml.
通过使用一种模拟潮间带海水循环的潮汐模拟器来测量潮间带沉积物的硝化作用。沉积物取自受工业和城市污水以及牧业渗流和径流影响的地点。不同地点的沉积物硝化内源性氮的能力差异显著。所有地点在活性开始之前都表现出初始滞后。每个地点这种滞后的持续时间和硝酸盐产生速率都不同。这些沉积物还能够氧化海水中供应给它们的氨氮。这种“硝化潜力”在接收含氮污水的地点（屠宰场和污水）最高，但在受树皮提取物污水和牧场径流影响的沉积物中也相当可观。苹果罐头厂污水区域的沉积物表现出最低的潜力和最长的滞后。使用NH4+作为能源从所有地点获得了硝化微生物的富集培养物，但亚硝酸盐氧化菌的富集未成功。测试了与硝化良好的木片厂地点污水中来源相似的浓缩松树皮单宁对硝化细菌纯培养物的毒性。两种硝化杆菌菌株和一种亚硝化单胞菌菌株即使在5毫克/毫升时也不受单宁影响。一种亚硝化螺菌属菌株和一种亚硝化螺旋菌菌株在5毫克/毫升时受到部分抑制，在1毫克/毫升时仅受到轻微抑制或根本不受抑制。
