Pressler J L, Hepworth J T
Vanderbilt University, School of Nursing, Nashville, TN 37240-0008, USA.
Neonatal Netw. 1997 Sep;16(6):33-46.
The neurologic examination of the newborn infant is not easy. The nurse or physician must have technical skill in handling infants and be familiar with eliciting, scoring, and interpreting reflexes. Because it is too costly to conduct full neurologic exams on all newborns, a screening can be performed to help select infants for whom detailed examination is indicated. Given the trend to discharge term newborns within 12 to 24 hours following delivery and the importance of being sure that abnormalities have not been overlooked prior to discharge, completing a neurologic screen during this early time period is warranted. Although professionals have been trained and certified to conduct Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) exams for more than 20 years at NBAS Training Centers, the NBAS text does not adequately explain how to perform reflex assessments so they can be administered reliably across multiple examiners. This article describes how to perform these reflex assessments so they can be used consistently by nurses and physicians as a neurologic screen in a variety of settings.
对新生儿进行神经系统检查并非易事。护士或医生必须具备处理婴儿的专业技能，并熟悉引出、评分和解释反射。由于对所有新生儿进行全面神经系统检查成本过高，因此可以进行筛查，以帮助挑选出需要进行详细检查的婴儿。鉴于目前足月儿在出生后12至24小时内出院的趋势，以及确保在出院前没有遗漏异常情况的重要性，在这一早期阶段完成神经系统筛查是必要的。尽管专业人员在新生儿行为评估量表（NBAS）培训中心接受培训并获得进行NBAS检查的认证已有20多年，但NBAS文本并未充分说明如何进行反射评估，以便多名检查人员能够可靠地进行操作。本文介绍了如何进行这些反射评估，以便护士和医生能够在各种环境中一致地将其用作神经系统筛查。
