Hesse F W, Kauer G, Spies K
University of Tübingen.
Am J Psychol. 1997 Fall;110(3):357-83.
In analogical problem solving, a source problem with a known solution is used to solve a target problem. The present study deals with one possible condition influencing the search for possible source problems (i.e., with similarities between source and target problems in the emotional connotation of the problem cover stories). Subjects were given six source problems-distractors as well as target-relevant problems-that were varied with respect to the emotional valence of the cover stories. Then one group of subjects (n = 32) was given a pleasant target problem, while the other group (n = 31) received an unpleasant target problem. Except for emotional valence the two target problems were identical. Subjects preferred those target-relevant source problems that were emotionally congruent with the target problem. The findings are interpreted within network theories of long-term memory, introducing emotional markers or emotion-concept nodes to represent the emotional connotation of the represented units. By controlling subjects' mood change after reading the (un)pleasant target-problem cover story, it could be ruled out that the observed results were due to a mood congruity effect of the type described by Bower (1981).
在类比问题解决中，一个具有已知解决方案的源问题被用于解决目标问题。本研究探讨了一种可能影响寻找潜在源问题的条件（即源问题与目标问题在问题封面故事的情感内涵上的相似性）。给受试者提供了六个源问题干扰项以及与目标相关的问题，这些问题在封面故事的情感效价方面有所不同。然后，一组受试者（n = 32）被给予一个令人愉快的目标问题，而另一组受试者（n = 31）则收到一个令人不快的目标问题。除了情感效价外，这两个目标问题是相同的。受试者更喜欢那些在情感上与目标问题一致的与目标相关的源问题。这些发现是在长期记忆的网络理论框架内进行解释的，引入了情感标记或情感概念节点来表示所呈现单元的情感内涵。通过控制受试者在阅读（令人愉快或不快的）目标问题封面故事后的情绪变化，可以排除观察到的结果是由于鲍尔（1981）所描述的那种情绪一致性效应。
