Proctor R W, Reeve T G, Weeks D J, Campbell K C, Dornier L
Psychology Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1364, USA.
Can J Exp Psychol. 1997 Jun;51(2):85-98. doi: 10.1037/1196-1961.51.2.85.
Three experiments examined performance of four-choice reaction tasks using stimulus and response arrays oriented along parallel or orthogonal axes. All used a procedure in which pairs of locations were precued in advance of the target stimulus. Responses were slower for orthogonal than for parallel stimulus-response sets, but the pattern of relative precuing benefits was similar. Complete transfer occurred when the stimulus array was changed from an orthogonal to a parallel orientation with respect to the response array after three sessions of practice. Transfer was also evident when the orientation of the response array was changed from orthogonal to parallel with respect to the stimulus array, as long as the assignment of stimulus locations to fingers was not altered. The results suggest that coding in the four-choice task is by relative location regardless of whether the stimulus and response sets are oriented orthogonally, and that an additional transformation operation to align the frames of reference is performed for orthogonal orientations.
三项实验考察了使用沿平行或正交轴定向的刺激和反应阵列的四选反应任务的表现。所有实验都采用了一种程序，即在目标刺激出现之前预先提示位置对。正交刺激-反应组的反应比平行刺激-反应组慢，但相对预提示益处的模式相似。在经过三个练习阶段后，当刺激阵列相对于反应阵列从正交方向变为平行方向时，出现了完全迁移。只要刺激位置到手指的分配不变，当反应阵列相对于刺激阵列从正交方向变为平行方向时，迁移也很明显。结果表明，四选任务中的编码是基于相对位置的，无论刺激和反应组是正交定向还是平行定向，并且对于正交定向会执行额外的变换操作以对齐参照系。
