Ariel I M, Briceno M
Med Pediatr Oncol. 1976;2(1):69-73. doi: 10.1002/mpo.2950020108.
The liver extended a minimum of 5 cm inferior to the right costal margin in 51% of the 504 patients studied. In 53% of these patients, experienced, mature physicians declared that the liver was not palpable on physical examination. In 3% of the cases, a mass was palpated which was believed to be liver by the examining physician but was found to be extrahepatic upon scanning and laparotomy. The unreliability of physical examination in determining whether or not the liver extends inferior to the costal margin in many instances is demonstrated.
在接受研究的504例患者中，51%的患者肝脏下缘至少超出右肋缘5厘米。在这些患者中，53%经验丰富的成熟医生宣称在体格检查中肝脏无法触及。在3%的病例中，触诊到一个肿物，检查医生认为是肝脏，但扫描和剖腹探查发现是肝外肿物。这表明在许多情况下，体格检查在确定肝脏是否超出肋缘方面并不可靠。
