Buddeberg-Fischer B
Abteilung für Psychosoziale Medizin, Psychiatrische Universitätspoliklinik, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1997 Jul 30;86(31-32):1209-12.
According to recent epidemiological investigations, one-third of younger women perceive themselves to be overweight. A quarter show disturbed eating habits such as continuous dieting, compulsive calorie counting or ruminations about eating and body weight. The ratio of young women to men with eating disorders is 10:1. Eating disorders, like other psychosomatic disorders, have a multifactorial origin. Biological, psychological, interpersonal and sociocultural factors are of varying importance in the development of the disorder. Apart from somatic aspects, the psychological component is of particular importance not only for the assessment of severity, but also for prognosis. Because patients with anorectic features often refuse help and patients with bulimia often suffer from a sense of shame and guilt, it is the physician's chore to note symptoms relevant to the clinical picture and to outline possibilities for therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, in the treatment of eating disorders it is important to recognise personal limitations and to decide upon appropriate treatment measures in collaboration with the patient when possible.
根据最近的流行病学调查，三分之一的年轻女性认为自己超重。四分之一的人有饮食紊乱的习惯，如持续节食、强迫性计算卡路里或反复思考饮食和体重问题。患有饮食失调症的年轻女性与男性的比例为10:1。饮食失调症与其他身心疾病一样，有着多因素起源。生物、心理、人际和社会文化因素在该疾病的发展中具有不同程度的重要性。除了躯体方面，心理成分不仅对严重程度的评估特别重要，而且对预后也很重要。由于厌食症患者往往拒绝帮助，而暴食症患者常常感到羞耻和内疚，因此医生的职责是留意与临床表现相关的症状，并概述治疗干预的可能性。此外，在饮食失调症的治疗中，认识到个人局限性并在可能的情况下与患者合作决定适当治疗措施很重要。
