Rettenbacher T, Hollerweger A, Macheiner P, Gritzmann N
Abteilung für Röntgendiagnostik und Nuklearmedizin Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder in Salzburg.
Ultraschall Med. 1997 Jun;18(3):139-42. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1000410.
To study the detectability and the appearance of the vermiform appendix with ultrasound in asymptomatic adults.
A prospective study was performed on 300 patients, selected without regard to age, sex and weight. We tried to visualize the appendix with a 3.5 MHz annular array and a 5 MHz linear array transducer.
In 63% of the patients the appendix was clearly visualised. The main reasons for non-visualisation were obesity with insufficient ultrasound penetration (38%) and the caecum laying in pelvic or atypical position (24%). In 31%, no cause was apparent but we assume that the appendix often lies behind the caecum. The sonographic image showed an aperistaltic target originating at the caecum, and ending blindly. In 42% of cases the appendix was ovoid in transverse section; in 32%, round; and in 26% both forms were found within one appendix. Intraluminal gas was visible in 86%. The mean transverse diameter was 5.2 mm (min. 3 mm, max. 13 mm) and in 76% the transverse diameter was lower than 6 mm.
The sonographic detectability, the appearance and the size of the normal appendix show considerable variations.
研究超声检查对无症状成年人阑尾的可检测性及阑尾的表现。
对300例患者进行前瞻性研究，入选患者不考虑年龄、性别和体重。我们尝试使用3.5MHz环形阵列探头和5MHz线性阵列探头观察阑尾。
63%的患者阑尾清晰可见。未能观察到阑尾的主要原因是肥胖导致超声穿透不足（38%）以及盲肠位于盆腔或非典型位置（24%）。31%的病例未发现明显原因，但我们推测阑尾常位于盲肠后方。超声图像显示一个起源于盲肠、盲端终止的无蠕动的靶样结构。42%的病例阑尾横切面呈椭圆形；32%呈圆形；26%的阑尾在同一阑尾内可发现两种形态。86%可见腔内气体。平均横径为5.2mm（最小值3mm，最大值13mm），76%的横径小于6mm。
正常阑尾的超声可检测性、表现及大小存在相当大的差异。
