Lehrer P, Carr R E, Smetankine A, Vaschillo E, Peper E, Porges S, Edelberg R, Hamer R, Hochron S
UMDNJ-RW Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1997 Jun;22(2):95-109. doi: 10.1023/a:1026224211993.
This pilot study compared biofeedback to increase respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) with EMG and incentive inspirometry biofeedback in asthmatic adults. A three-group design (Waiting List Control n = 5, RSA biofeedback n = 6, and EMG biofeedback n = 6) was used. Six sessions of training were given in each of the biofeedback groups. In each of three testing sessions, five min. of respiratory resistance and EKG were obtained before and after a 20-min biofeedback session. Additional five-min epochs of data were collected at the beginning and end of the biofeedback period (or, in the control group, self-relaxation). Decreases in respiratory impedance occurred only in the RSA biofeedback group. Traub-Hering-Mayer (THM) waves (.03-.12 Hz) in heart period increased significantly in amplitude during RSA biofeedback. Subjects did not report significantly more relaxation during EMG or RSA biofeedback than during the control condition. However, decreases in pulmonary impedance, across groups, were associated with increases in relaxation. The results are consistent with Vaschillo's theory that RSA biofeedback exercises homeostatic autonomic reflex mechanisms through increasing the amplitude of cardiac oscillations. However, deep breathing during RSA biofeedback is a possible alternate explanation.
这项试点研究比较了生物反馈增加呼吸性窦性心律不齐（RSA）与肌电图生物反馈及激励式肺量计生物反馈在成年哮喘患者中的效果。采用了三组设计（等待列表对照组n = 5，RSA生物反馈组n = 6，肌电图生物反馈组n = 6）。每个生物反馈组都进行了六次训练。在三个测试环节中，每个环节在20分钟的生物反馈环节前后分别获取5分钟的呼吸阻力和心电图数据。在生物反馈阶段开始和结束时（或对照组的自我放松阶段）额外收集5分钟的数据片段。仅在RSA生物反馈组中出现了呼吸阻抗降低的情况。在RSA生物反馈期间，心脏周期中的Traub-Hering-Mayer（THM）波（0.03 - 0.12赫兹）的振幅显著增加。与对照状态相比，受试者在肌电图或RSA生物反馈期间并未报告有明显更多的放松感。然而，各组中肺阻抗的降低与放松程度的增加相关。结果与Vaschillo的理论一致，即RSA生物反馈通过增加心脏振荡的振幅来锻炼自主神经稳态反射机制。然而，RSA生物反馈期间的深呼吸是一个可能的替代解释。
