Ishikawa M, Tsukamoto T, Yamamoto T
Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
Mult Scler. 1996 Sep;2(2):91-5. doi: 10.1177/135245859600200206.
The chronic demyelinated plaque of multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised by a loss of oligodendrocytes, astrogliosis, and incomplete or no remyelination which probably results in part from the suppressive effects of gliotic astrocytes on myelin formation. We explanted mouse cerebella on astrocyte cultures which had been maintained for 2 to 12 weeks and assessed the myelination in the cerebellar tissue at 18 days after explanation. Myelination occurred vigorously in the tissue explanted on 2- to 4-week-old astrocytes, but was poorer in the tissue explanted on astrocytes older than 4 weeks. No myelin sheath was formed on 12-week-old astrocytes, although axons developed equally as well as those in the tissues explanted on 2-week-old astrocytes. As astrocytes were maintained longer, they became fibrous and immunostained more deeply with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody, being analogous to astrogliosis. These findings imply that astrogliosis in chronic demyelinated lesions of MS may potentially block remyelination.
多发性硬化症（MS）的慢性脱髓鞘斑块的特征是少突胶质细胞丢失、星形胶质细胞增生，以及髓鞘再生不完全或无髓鞘再生，这可能部分是由于胶质化星形胶质细胞对髓鞘形成的抑制作用所致。我们将小鼠小脑移植到已培养2至12周的星形胶质细胞培养物上，并在移植后18天评估小脑组织中的髓鞘形成情况。在移植到2至4周龄星形胶质细胞上的组织中，髓鞘形成旺盛，但在移植到4周龄以上星形胶质细胞上的组织中，髓鞘形成较差。在12周龄星形胶质细胞上未形成髓鞘，尽管轴突的发育与移植到2周龄星形胶质细胞上的组织中的轴突发育情况相同。随着星形胶质细胞培养时间延长，它们变得纤维化，并且用抗胶质纤维酸性蛋白抗体免疫染色更深，类似于星形胶质细胞增生。这些发现表明，MS慢性脱髓鞘病变中的星形胶质细胞增生可能会潜在地阻碍髓鞘再生。
