Berenbaum S A, Baxter L, Seidenberg M, Hermann B
Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale 62901-6517, USA.
Neuropsychology. 1997 Oct;11(4):585-91. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.585.
The authors examined the neural and cognitive bases for sex differences in verbal memory in 57 patients who underwent left anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for the treatment of intractable seizures. On the California Verbal Learning Test (D. C. Delis, J. H. Kramer, E. Kaplan, & B. A. Ober, 1987), women recalled more words than men both before and after surgery, regardless of the extent of hippocampal damage. Extent of hippocampal sclerosis was related to memory loss in both men and women. Women's superiority in verbal memory appears to result in part from their use of an efficient encoding strategy. Women were more likely than men to use semantic clustering both before and after ATL, and sex differences in word recall were attenuated after scores were adjusted for semantic clustering. There was no effect of ATL on semantic clustering. Taken together, these results suggest that sex differences in verbal memory are not due to differences in the integrity of the left hippocampus.
作者对57例因治疗顽固性癫痫而接受左前颞叶切除术（ATL）的患者进行了言语记忆性别差异的神经和认知基础研究。在加利福尼亚言语学习测试（D.C.德利、J.H.克莱默、E.卡普兰和B.A.奥伯，1987年）中，无论海马体损伤程度如何，女性在手术前后回忆的单词都比男性多。海马体硬化程度与男性和女性的记忆丧失都有关。女性在言语记忆方面的优势似乎部分源于她们使用了有效的编码策略。女性比男性更有可能在ATL前后使用语义聚类，在对语义聚类得分进行调整后，单词回忆的性别差异减弱。ATL对语义聚类没有影响。综上所述，这些结果表明言语记忆的性别差异并非由于左海马体完整性的差异。
