Delarue J, Schneiter P, Henry S, Cayeux C, Haesler E, Jéquier E, Tappy L
Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
Clin Physiol. 1997 Sep;17(5):509-21. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2281.1997.05454.x.
Acute ethanol administration stimulates sympathetic nervous system activity. The present study was designed to determine whether this sympathetic activation affects glycogenolysis and total hepatic glucose production (HGP) during ethanol-induced inhibition of gluconeogenesis. Nineteen volunteers participated in four protocols. Two protocols aimed to study--using combined infusion of [6,6-2H2]glucose and [U-13C]glucose, VCO2 and 13CO2 measurements--the effects of ethanol infusion alone (n = 10) or with propranolol (n = 6) or phentolamine infusion (n = 4) on HGP, glucose disposal (Rd), glucose oxidation [13C]Glcox and non-oxidative glucose disposal (NOGD = Rd - [13C]Glcox). The fourth protocol assessed the effects of saline infusion alone on HGP. Using ethanol, HGP decreased by 23%, Rd by 20% and glycaemia by 9% (all P < 0.001); heart rate increased by 10%, whereas blood pressure remained unchanged. The effects were not observed with saline, except a slight (10%) decrease in HGP (P < 0.01 vs. ethanol). Ethanol did not affect [13C]Glcox but decreased NOGD by 73% (P < 0.001). Propranolol or phentolamine did not alter any of the effects of ethanol on glucose metabolism, but decreased mean arterial pressure. Propranolol prevented the ethanol-induced increase in heart rate. In conclusion, ethanol decreased blood glucose by decreasing HGP, presumably by inhibiting gluconeogenesis. Sympathetic activation prevented the decrease in blood pressure produced by ethanol but did not stimulate glycogenolysis.
急性给予乙醇会刺激交感神经系统活动。本研究旨在确定这种交感神经激活在乙醇诱导的糖异生抑制过程中是否会影响糖原分解和肝脏葡萄糖总生成量（HGP）。19名志愿者参与了四项实验方案。其中两项方案旨在通过联合输注[6,6-2H2]葡萄糖和[U-13C]葡萄糖、测量VCO2和13CO2，研究单独输注乙醇（n = 10）或与普萘洛尔（n = 6）或酚妥拉明联合输注（n = 4）对HGP、葡萄糖处置（Rd）、葡萄糖氧化[13C]Glcox和非氧化葡萄糖处置（NOGD = Rd - [13C]Glcox）的影响。第四个方案评估单独输注生理盐水对HGP的影响。使用乙醇时，HGP降低了23%，Rd降低了20%，血糖降低了9%（均P < 0.001）；心率增加了10%，而血压保持不变。生理盐水输注未观察到这些效应，只是HGP略有降低（10%）（与乙醇相比，P < 0.01）。乙醇不影响[13C]Glcox，但使NOGD降低了73%（P < 0.001）。普萘洛尔或酚妥拉明并未改变乙醇对葡萄糖代谢的任何影响，但降低了平均动脉压。普萘洛尔阻止了乙醇诱导的心率增加。总之，乙醇可能通过抑制糖异生降低HGP从而降低血糖。交感神经激活可防止乙醇引起的血压下降，但不会刺激糖原分解。
