Longino C F
Sticht Center on Aging and Rehabilitation, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Acad Med. 1997 Oct;72(10):841-7.
This essay speculates about how medical philosophy may change to accommodate the technologic, organizational, and--in particular--population challenges of the future. The historical roots of the dominant medical world view are drawn and its tenets outlined. The existing paradigm may be called the Western biomedical model, whose doctrines include body-mind dualism, physical reductionism, the mechanical analogy, specific etiology, and the body as the appropriate object of regimen and control. Some of the pressures straining the paradigm are discussed, especially the force of human and population aging as it accelerates the dominance of chronic illness and focus of health care. The tentative outlines of an emergent paradigm are described. The mind, biography, surrounding environment, and culture are a few considerations that become very significant in a non-Cartesian world.
本文探讨了医学哲学可能如何转变，以适应未来技术、组织尤其是人口方面的挑战。追溯了占主导地位的医学世界观的历史根源，并概述了其信条。现有的范式可称为西方生物医学模式，其教义包括身心二元论、物理还原论、机械类比、特定病因学以及身体是养生和控制的合适对象。讨论了一些使该范式紧张的压力，特别是人口老龄化的压力，因为它加速了慢性病的主导地位以及医疗保健的重点。描述了一种新兴范式的初步轮廓。在一个非笛卡尔式的世界中，心智、个人经历、周围环境和文化是一些变得非常重要的因素。
