Kleinert H E, Pickford M A
University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky, USA.
J Emerg Med. 1997 Sep-Oct;15(5):709-19. doi: 10.1016/s0736-4679(97)00181-9.
Since its recognition as a subspeciality soon after World War I, hand surgery has evolved into a highly specialized and sophisticated field of medicine. Enormous advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the upper limb; primary tenorrhaphy and the application of microsurgical techniques for revascularization, replantation, and free tissue transfer are among the most important innovations. This article reviews the history of flexor tendon surgery and reconstructive microsurgery up to the present time, and makes some predictions for the future direction of these, and other, areas of hand surgery.
自第一次世界大战后不久被确认为一个亚专业以来，手外科已发展成为一个高度专业化和复杂的医学领域。在上肢疾病的诊断和治疗方面取得了巨大进展；一期肌腱缝合以及用于血管重建、再植和游离组织移植的显微外科技术的应用是最重要的创新成果之一。本文回顾了屈肌腱手术和重建显微外科直至目前的历史，并对这些以及手外科其他领域未来的发展方向做出了一些预测。
