Sydsjö A, Sydsjö G, Kjessler B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1997 Sep;76(8):748-54. doi: 10.3109/00016349709024341.
To analyze the correlation between sickness absence, working conditions, pregnancy outcomes and pregnancy associated social benefits in two urban pregnant populations in Sweden and Norway with different social benefit systems.
Relevant information on 1649 delivered women was manually extracted by the authors from the antenatal care and delivery records as well as from the personal social security files kept in the Värnamo and Hamar communities, and then computerized in a depersonalized form.
The reproductive histories and the pregnancy outcomes appeared clinically similar in the two samples. Swedish pregnant women were significantly more often employed outside home (84 vs. 69 per cent). The types of occupations held were similar in Värnamo and Hamar. Swedish pregnant women were significantly more sick-listed during pregnancy than Norwegian women (64 vs. 32 per cent) and with a longer average duration of the sick-leave spells (61 days vs. 44 days). The sick-leave rate among Swedish employed pregnant women was 75 per cent as compared to 48 per cent in Norway. The differences appeared most evident in younger pregnant women (<25 years). The Swedish sick-leave rates were higher within all four occupational subgroups studied. During the observation period the pregnancy associated social benefits were significantly more generous in Sweden.
Sickness absence during pregnancy does not seem to covariate in a simple way with ill health, working conditions or the amount of social benefits available. The increased sick-leave rates in Sweden may possibly be accounted for by a changing attitude towards pregnancy and its natural consequences, especially among younger women.
分析瑞典和挪威两个城市孕妇群体中病假、工作条件、妊娠结局与妊娠相关社会福利之间的相关性，这两个群体有着不同的社会福利体系。
作者从产前护理和分娩记录以及韦纳莫和哈马尔社区保存的个人社会保障档案中手动提取了1649名已分娩妇女的相关信息，然后以去个性化的形式进行计算机处理。
两个样本中的生殖史和妊娠结局在临床上相似。瑞典孕妇在外就业的比例明显更高（84%对69%）。韦纳莫和哈马尔的职业类型相似。瑞典孕妇孕期病假的比例明显高于挪威妇女（64%对32%），病假平均持续时间更长（61天对44天）。瑞典就业孕妇的病假率为75%，而挪威为48%。差异在年轻孕妇（<25岁）中最为明显。在所有四个研究的职业亚组中，瑞典的病假率都更高。在观察期内，瑞典与妊娠相关的社会福利明显更为优厚。
孕期病假似乎并非简单地与健康状况不佳、工作条件或可获得的社会福利金额相关。瑞典病假率上升可能是由于对怀孕及其自然结果的态度发生了变化，尤其是在年轻女性中。
