Borgenicht K, Carty E, Feigenbaum L Z
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
West J Med. 1997 Oct;167(4):291-4.
The goal of community-based services for frail older patients is to help them achieve the greatest degree of functional ability and independence. The services available include case management, geriatric assessment, adult day health care, home health services, and the Program for All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). Definitive criteria for referral have not been established, but without some targeting, the efficacy of these services remains uncertain. Targeting criteria identified include dependency in 2 or more activities of daily living, no family support, dementia, many long-term illnesses, and many hospital stays. Although efficacy and cost-effectiveness remain uncertain, patients, families, and physicians generally report these services to be helpful.
针对体弱老年患者的社区服务目标是帮助他们获得最大程度的功能能力和独立性。可用的服务包括病例管理、老年评估、成人日间保健、家庭健康服务以及老年人全包式护理计划（PACE）。尚未确立明确的转诊标准，但如果没有一定的针对性，这些服务的效果仍不确定。确定的针对性标准包括在两项或更多日常生活活动中存在依赖、没有家庭支持、患有痴呆症、患有多种长期疾病以及多次住院。尽管效果和成本效益仍不确定，但患者、家属和医生普遍报告称这些服务很有帮助。
