Borkan J M, Miller W L, Neher J O, Cushman R, Crabtree B F
Department of Family Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Fam Med. 1997 Oct;29(9):640-7.
This study reports on a novel qualitative method for evaluating family practice training programs. Previous evaluation techniques have generally been quantitative in nature and have limited their scope to a few isolated elements of residency education.
A guest faculty, working in conjunction with local faculty, conducted a site analysis of an East Coast and a West Coast family practice residency. Multiple qualitative techniques were used, including participant observation, focus groups, long interviews, and analysis of key texts. Program strengths and weaknesses were analyzed, and a discrepancy model was used to compare program goals and ideals to the actual training realities. The analysis used a process of immersion/crystallization, and triangulation of the multiple data sources was achieved through repeated comparisons.
This report focuses on the process of the evaluations, rather than on their content. In general, the sites have achieved most of their objectives, but notable limitations are present at both programs. This is particularly apparent in terms of multiple demands on faculty, the lack of a shared vision, and program isolation.
Significant lessons were learned from these initial assessments, which can be used to further refine the method. Comprehensive qualitative reviews may provide unexpected insights and identify program limitations and strengths.
本研究报告了一种评估家庭医学培训项目的新型定性方法。以往的评估技术通常是定量的，其范围局限于住院医师教育的一些孤立要素。
一位客座教员与当地教员合作，对东海岸和西海岸的两个家庭医学住院医师培训点进行了现场分析。使用了多种定性技术，包括参与观察、焦点小组、长时间访谈以及关键文本分析。分析了项目的优势和劣势，并使用差异模型将项目目标和理想与实际培训现实进行比较。分析采用了沉浸/结晶过程，通过反复比较实现了多个数据源的三角验证。
本报告关注评估过程，而非评估内容。总体而言，这些培训点实现了大部分目标，但两个项目都存在明显局限性。这在对教员的多重要求、缺乏共同愿景以及项目孤立等方面尤为明显。
从这些初步评估中学到了重要经验教训，可用于进一步完善该方法。全面的定性评估可能会提供意想不到的见解，并识别项目的局限性和优势。
