Clarke H F
School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Can J Nurs Res. 1997 Summer;29(2):11-25.
The current Canadian demographic profile indicates a society that is ethnically, culturally, and racially plural (Masi, 1993). Such diversity in our population is likely to increase with broad-based immigration, the implications of which have not been well addressed in nursing and health care. While nurses and other health-care professionals must attend to understanding the cultural aspects of health and healing, there is little published valid and reliable research to assist with this, especially with respect to specific populations. Research approaches and designs must be culturally suitable to the specific populations, to generate valid knowledge about their culture and to develop theory, and to translate that into culturally suitable nursing and health care. In the past, many culturally diverse groups have been the subject of research that has been culturally inappropriate, patronizing, culturally threatening, and disempowering. This paper discusses critical ethnography as a culturally suitable research method and describes its application to studies involving First Nations (FN) peoples. Important issues in doing culturally suitable research, such as partnerships, ethical concerns, and ownership, are also discussed.
当前加拿大的人口概况显示，这是一个在种族、文化和民族上都具有多元性的社会（马西，1993年）。随着广泛的移民，我们人口中的这种多样性可能会增加，而护理和医疗保健领域尚未很好地应对其带来的影响。虽然护士和其他医疗保健专业人员必须致力于理解健康与康复的文化层面，但几乎没有已发表的有效且可靠的研究来提供帮助，尤其是针对特定人群的研究。研究方法和设计必须在文化上适合特定人群，以生成关于其文化的有效知识、发展理论，并将其转化为文化上合适的护理和医疗保健。过去，许多文化多元群体一直是文化上不适当、带有优越感、具有文化威胁性且剥夺权力的研究对象。本文将批判性人种志作为一种文化上合适的研究方法进行讨论，并描述其在涉及原住民（FN）群体的研究中的应用。还讨论了进行文化上合适的研究中的重要问题，如合作关系、伦理问题和所有权问题。
