Taylor S A, Chivers I D, Price R G, Arce-Tomas M, Milligan P, Francini I, Alinovi R, Cavazzini S, Bergamaschi E, Vittori M, Mutti A, Lauwerys R R, Bernard A M, Roels H A, De Broe M E, Nuyts G D, Elseviers M M, Hotter G, Ramis I, Rosello J, Gelpi E, Stolte H, Eisenberger U, Fels L M
Biochemistry Section, Division of Life Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom.
Environ Res. 1997 Oct;75(1):23-33. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3775.
Groups of industrial workers exposed to heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, and lead) or solvents were studied together with corresponding control groups. The cohorts were collected from several European centers (countries). Eighty-one measurements were carried out on urine, blood, and serum samples and the results of these analyses together with questionnaire information on each individual were entered into a central database using the relational database package Rbase. After the completion of the database construction phase, the data were exported in a format suitable for analysis by the statistical package SAS. The potential value of each test as an indicator of nephrotoxicity was then assessed. Rigorous exclusion criteria were applied which resulted in the elimination of some tests and samples from the dataset. The measurable contributions of smoking, gender, metal exposure, and site were either singly or in combination assessed by biomarkers for nephrotoxicity. The parameters measured included three urinary enzymes, six specific proteins, total protein, two extracellular matrix markers, four prostaglandins and anti-GBM antibodies, and beta 2-microglobulin in serum. The most sensitive renal tests included the urinary enzymes N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), brush border antigens, and urinary low-molecular-weight proteins. Of the newer tests investigated the prostaglandins were the most promising. Different patterns of biomarker excretion were observed following exposure to lead, cadmium, or mercury. The dataset provides a unique repository of data which could provide the basis of an enlarging source of information on normal human reference ranges and on the effects of exposure to toxins and the use of biomarkers for monitoring nephrotoxicity.
对接触重金属（镉、汞和铅）或溶剂的产业工人群体及其相应的对照组进行了研究。这些队列是从几个欧洲中心（国家）收集的。对尿液、血液和血清样本进行了81次检测，并使用关系数据库软件包Rbase将这些分析结果以及每个个体的问卷信息录入到一个中央数据库中。在数据库构建阶段完成后，数据以适合统计软件SAS分析的格式导出。然后评估每项检测作为肾毒性指标的潜在价值。应用了严格的排除标准，这导致数据集中的一些检测和样本被剔除。通过肾毒性生物标志物单独或联合评估吸烟、性别、金属暴露和地点的可测量影响。所测量的参数包括三种尿酶、六种特定蛋白质、总蛋白、两种细胞外基质标志物、四种前列腺素和抗肾小球基底膜抗体，以及血清中的β2-微球蛋白。最敏感的肾脏检测包括尿酶N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和肠碱性磷酸酶（IAP）、刷状缘抗原以及尿低分子量蛋白质。在所研究的新检测中，前列腺素最有前景。接触铅、镉或汞后观察到了不同的生物标志物排泄模式。该数据集提供了一个独特的数据储存库，可为扩大关于正常人体参考范围、接触毒素的影响以及使用生物标志物监测肾毒性的信息来源提供基础。
