Foreyt W J
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-7040, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1996 Oct;32(4):603-6. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-32.4.603.
In August 1992, six mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) fawns and four elk (Cervus elaphus) calves (n = 2) or yearlings (n = 2) each were inoculated orally with 50, 250, or 2,000 metacercariae of the liver fluke Fascioloides magna to evaluate their potential to serve as definitive hosts. Animals were maintained for up to 403 days. Three mule deer each inoculated with 50 metacercariae survived the infection and shed eggs in feces; thus mule deer can function as definitive hosts for F. magna. The other three mule deer inoculated with 50 (n = 1) or 250 (n = 2) metacercariae died from fluke infection on days 91, 150, and 162 days postinoculation, respectively, and only immature F. magna were recovered. One elk calf inoculated with 2,000 metacercariae died from fluke infection 44 days after inoculation. The remaining three elk, each inoculated with 250 metacercariae, survived infection, and two of the three shed eggs in feces. The third elk contained only one immature F. magna at necropsy. The prepatent period in mule deer and elk was approximately 6 to 7 months.
1992年8月，6只骡鹿（白尾鹿指名亚种）幼鹿和4头麋鹿（马鹿）幼崽（2头）或一岁幼鹿（2头）分别经口接种50、250或2000枚肝片吸虫的囊蚴，以评估它们作为终末宿主的潜力。动物饲养长达403天。3只接种50枚囊蚴的骡鹿在感染后存活并排出粪便中的虫卵；因此，骡鹿可作为肝片吸虫的终末宿主。另外3只接种50枚（1只）或250枚（2只）囊蚴的骡鹿分别在接种后第91、150和162天死于吸虫感染，仅回收了未成熟的肝片吸虫。1头接种2000枚囊蚴的麋鹿幼崽在接种后44天死于吸虫感染。其余3头麋鹿，每头接种250枚囊蚴，在感染后存活，其中2头排出粪便中的虫卵。第三头麋鹿在尸检时仅含有1只未成熟的肝片吸虫。骡鹿和麋鹿的潜隐期约为6至7个月。
