Intraventricular hemorrhage and long-term outcome in the premature infant.

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common, serious problem among premature infants. With advances in neonatal care, improved survival rates of small premature infants and improved diagnostic capabilities, IVH is seen with increased frequency in the high-risk nursery. Studies indicate 15-20% of premature infants (birth weight less than 1,500 gms), have been noted to have IVH Many of these neonates survive beyond infancy and may subsequently be seen in pediatric neurosurgery and neurology clinics with long-term problems such as hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and seizures. Although long-term sequelae are not always present, it is beneficial for the neuroscience nurse to be able to understand the mechanisms of brain injury with IVH in order to anticipate long-term problems and provide comprehensive follow-up care for infants and children with this diagnosis.