Yoon P W, Olney R S, Khoury M J, Sappenfield W M, Chavez G F, Taylor D
Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga., USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997 Nov;151(11):1096-103. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170480026004.
To estimate the contribution of birth defects and genetic diseases to pediatric hospitalizations by use of population-based data.
Hospital discharges were categorized according to the diagnostic codes of The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. Hospitalizations that were related to birth defects and genetic diseases were compared with hospitalizations for other reasons, with respect to age, race/ethnicity, sex, length of stay, charges, source of payment, and mortality rate. Hospitalization rates and per capita charges were computed with the use of population estimates from 1990 census data.
The 1991 population-based hospital discharge data from California and South Carolina.
Nearly 12% of pediatric hospitalizations in the 2 states combined were related to birth defects and genetic diseases. These children were, on average, about 3 years younger, stayed 3 days longer in a hospital, incurred 184% higher charges, and had a 4 1/2 times greater in-hospital mortality rate than children who were hospitalized for other reasons. The rate of hospitalizations that were related to birth defects and genetic diseases was 4 per 1000 children in both states, but these rates varied by age and race.
These population-based data are the first contemporary findings to show the substantial morbidity rate and hospitalization charges associated with birth defects and genetic diseases in the pediatric population.
This information is important for planning effective health care strategies, especially as the causes, treatments, and prevention of these disorders are being further elucidated by findings from human genome research and epidemiologic studies.
利用基于人群的数据评估出生缺陷和遗传疾病对儿科住院治疗的影响。
根据《国际疾病分类第九版临床修订本》的诊断编码对医院出院病例进行分类。将与出生缺陷和遗传疾病相关的住院病例与因其他原因住院的病例在年龄、种族/民族、性别、住院时间、费用、支付来源和死亡率方面进行比较。住院率和人均费用使用1990年人口普查数据中的人口估计数进行计算。
来自加利福尼亚州和南卡罗来纳州的1991年基于人群的医院出院数据。
这两个州的儿科住院病例中，近12%与出生缺陷和遗传疾病有关。与因其他原因住院的儿童相比，这些儿童平均年龄约小3岁，住院时间长3天，费用高出184%，住院死亡率高出4.5倍。两个州与出生缺陷和遗传疾病相关的住院率均为每1000名儿童中有4例，但这些率因年龄和种族而异。
这些基于人群的数据是首批当代研究结果，表明儿科人群中与出生缺陷和遗传疾病相关的发病率和住院费用很高。
这些信息对于规划有效的医疗保健策略很重要，尤其是随着人类基因组研究和流行病学研究的结果进一步阐明这些疾病的病因、治疗方法和预防措施。
