Wahren B
Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Immunotechnology. 1996 Jun;2(2):77-83. doi: 10.1016/1380-2933(96)00043-7.
A most surprising finding was that naked DNA when injected into animal tissue is taken up and expressed by cells with great efficiency. The DNA is given as a plasmid which includes a promoter and an enhancer. When inoculated, it is not stably integrated within the chromosomal DNA, but persists as extrachromosomal nuclear episomes. Both purified DNA and RNA have been shown to be expressed in somatic cells. It is now well established that injection of DNA by many routes is expressed in vivo and the proteins immunogenic. DNA vaccines appear to induce efficient and complete immune responses. The immunizations produce long-term humoral and cellular responses, qualitatively similar to live attenuated vaccines but without the safety hazards of infectious agents. These findings will have important implications for the continued development of human vaccines.
一个极其令人惊讶的发现是，当将裸露的DNA注入动物组织时，它能被细胞高效摄取并表达。DNA以质粒形式提供，质粒包含一个启动子和一个增强子。接种后，它不会稳定整合到染色体DNA中，而是作为染色体外核附加体持续存在。已证明纯化的DNA和RNA都能在体细胞中表达。现在已经充分证实，通过多种途径注射的DNA在体内能表达，且其蛋白质具有免疫原性。DNA疫苗似乎能诱导高效且完全的免疫反应。免疫接种能产生长期的体液和细胞反应，在质量上与减毒活疫苗相似，但没有感染性因子的安全隐患。这些发现将对人类疫苗的持续研发产生重要影响。
