Jop K M, Guiney P D, Christensen K P, Silberhorn E M
Environmental Science Division, Science Applications International Corporation, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1997 Aug;37(3):229-37. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1997.1545.
In order to estimate the proportion which may enter the aquatic environment and characterize exposure potential, the environmental fate properties of two polycarboxylate polymers in activated sludge were determined. The polycarboxylates studied were a polymer emulsion (PE), a high-molecular-weight polymer (MW 50,000-60,000), and a resin polymer (RP), a low-molecular-weight polymer (MW 4500 to 9000). Both polymers exhibited a high degree of sorption to sludge solids in a series of sorption/ desorption studies, indicating a high potential for removal during wastewater treatment. In isotherm tests, the adsorption coefficient, Koc, was 1060 and 2730 for the RP and the PE, respectively. The biodegradation of the two polymers was measured under aerobic conditions in a 60-day semicontinuous activated sludge test and in a 60-day modified Sturm test using 14C-labeled compounds. In both studies, polymers accumulated in sludge solids over time and there was no evidence of significant biodegradation, although small amounts of radiolabeled CO2 were produced, suggesting the potential for biodegradation. Testing confirmed that the lack of biodegradation was not due to inhibition of microbial respiration by the polymers. High removals of PE and RP during wastewater treatment were confirmed in a field study at a facility receiving polymer inputs from households and manufacturing plants.
为了估算可能进入水生环境的比例并描述暴露潜力，测定了两种聚羧酸盐聚合物在活性污泥中的环境归宿特性。所研究的聚羧酸盐一种是聚合物乳液（PE），一种高分子量聚合物（分子量50,000 - 60,000），另一种是树脂聚合物（RP），一种低分子量聚合物（分子量4500至9000）。在一系列吸附/解吸研究中，两种聚合物对污泥固体均表现出高度吸附性，表明在废水处理过程中有很高的去除潜力。在等温线试验中，RP和PE的吸附系数Koc分别为1060和2730。在好氧条件下，通过60天的半连续活性污泥试验和使用14C标记化合物的60天改良斯特姆试验测定了两种聚合物的生物降解情况。在这两项研究中，聚合物随时间在污泥固体中积累，虽然产生了少量放射性标记的二氧化碳，表明有生物降解的潜力，但没有明显生物降解的证据。测试证实，生物降解的缺乏不是由于聚合物对微生物呼吸的抑制。在一个接收来自家庭和制造工厂聚合物输入的设施进行的现场研究中，证实了废水处理过程中PE和RP的高去除率。
