Pilcher J J, Walters A S
Department of Psychology at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois, USA.
J Am Coll Health. 1997 Nov;46(3):121-6. doi: 10.1080/07448489709595597.
The effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance psychological variables related to cognitive performance were studied in 44 college students. Participants completed the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal after either 24 hours of sleep deprivation or approximately 8 hours of sleep. After completing the cognitive task, the participants completed 2 questionnaires, one assessing self-reported effort, concentration, and estimated performance, the other assessing off-task cognitions. As expected, sleep-deprived participants performed significantly worse than the nondeprived participants on the cognitive task. However, the sleep-deprived participants rated their concentration and effort higher than the nondeprived participants did. In addition, the sleep-deprived participants rated their estimated performance significantly higher than the nondeprived participants did. The findings indicate that college students are not aware of the extent to which sleep deprivation negatively affects their ability to complete cognitive tasks.
在44名大学生中研究了睡眠剥夺对认知表现以及与认知表现相关的心理变量的影响。参与者在经历24小时睡眠剥夺或大约8小时睡眠后完成了沃森-格拉泽批判性思维评估。完成认知任务后，参与者填写了两份问卷，一份评估自我报告的努力程度、注意力集中程度和估计表现，另一份评估任务外认知。正如预期的那样，睡眠剥夺组的参与者在认知任务上的表现明显比未被剥夺睡眠的参与者差。然而，睡眠剥夺组的参与者对自己注意力集中程度和努力程度的评分高于未被剥夺睡眠的参与者。此外，睡眠剥夺组的参与者对自己估计表现的评分明显高于未被剥夺睡眠的参与者。研究结果表明，大学生并未意识到睡眠剥夺对他们完成认知任务能力产生负面影响的程度。
