Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone S V, Wilens T, Chu M P
Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Am J Addict. 1997 Fall;6(4):318-29.
This article investigates the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) in siblings of ADHD and normal-control probands and addresses issues of psychiatric comorbidity and gender. Using DSM-III-R structured diagnostic interviews and blind raters, the authors conducted a 4-year follow-up of siblings. ADHD and male gender predicted higher rates and an earlier onset of PSUD after adjusting for high-risk status, other psychiatric disorders, and age. Risk was particularly high if the siblings had ADHD plus conduct disorder. This study's findings confirms the authors' prior report high-lighting the importance of drug and alcohol prevention and cessation programs aimed at ADHD youth and their siblings, particularly those with comorbid conduct disorder.
本文调查了患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的先证者和正常对照先证者的兄弟姐妹中，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与精神活性物质使用障碍（PSUD）之间的关系，并探讨了精神疾病共病和性别的问题。作者使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）结构化诊断访谈和盲法评分者，对兄弟姐妹进行了为期4年的随访。在调整了高危状态、其他精神疾病和年龄后，ADHD和男性性别预示着更高的PSUD发生率和更早的发病。如果兄弟姐妹患有ADHD合并品行障碍，风险尤其高。这项研究的结果证实了作者之前的报告，强调了针对ADHD青少年及其兄弟姐妹，特别是那些患有共病品行障碍的青少年的药物和酒精预防及戒断项目的重要性。
