Lupiáñez J, Milán E G, Tornay F J, Madrid E, Tudela P
Departamento de Psicología Experimental y Fisiología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
Percept Psychophys. 1997 Nov;59(8):1241-54. doi: 10.3758/bf03214211.
When a stimulus appears in a previously cued location several hundred milliseconds after the cue, the time required to detect that stimulus is greater than when it appears in an uncued location. This increase in detection time is known as inhibition of return (IOR). It has been suggested that IOR reflects the action of a general attentional mechanism that prevents attention from returning to previously explored loci. At the same time, the robustness of IOR has been recently disputed, given several failures to obtain the effect in tasks requiring discrimination rather than detection. In a series of eight experiments, we evaluated the differences between detection and discrimination tasks with regard to IOR. We found that IOR was consistently obtained with both tasks, although the temporal parameters required to observe IOR were different in detection and discrimination tasks. In our detection task, the effect appeared after a 400-msec delay between cue and target, and was still present after 1,300 msec. In our discrimination task, the effect appeared later and disappeared sooner. The implications of these data for theoretical accounts of IOR are discussed.
当一个刺激在提示出现几百毫秒后出现在先前提示的位置时，检测该刺激所需的时间比它出现在未提示位置时要长。检测时间的这种增加被称为返回抑制（IOR）。有人认为，IOR反映了一种一般注意力机制的作用，该机制可防止注意力返回先前探索过的位置。与此同时，鉴于在需要辨别而非检测的任务中多次未能获得该效应，IOR的稳健性最近受到了质疑。在一系列八个实验中，我们评估了检测任务和辨别任务在IOR方面的差异。我们发现，尽管观察IOR所需的时间参数在检测任务和辨别任务中有所不同，但这两种任务都始终能获得IOR。在我们的检测任务中，效应在提示与目标之间延迟400毫秒后出现，并且在1300毫秒后仍然存在。在我们的辨别任务中，效应出现得较晚且消失得较快。讨论了这些数据对IOR理论解释的意义。
