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一氧化氮和环磷酸鸟苷在人中性粒细胞激活与抑制中的作用研究

Investigation of the role of nitric oxide and cyclic GMP in both the activation and inhibition of human neutrophils.

作者信息

Wanikiat P, Woodward D F, Armstrong R A

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh.

出版信息

Br J Pharmacol. 1997 Nov;122(6):1135-45. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701477.

DOI:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701477
PMID:9401778
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1565036/
Abstract
  1. The aim of this study was to establish the role of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP in chemotaxis and superoxide anion generation (SAG) by human neutrophils, by use of selective inhibitors of NO and cyclic GMP pathways. In addition, inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis by NO releasing compounds and increases in neutrophil nitrate/nitrite and cyclic GMP levels were examined. The ultimate aim of this work was to resolve the paradox that NO both activates and inhibits human neutrophils. 2. A role for NO as a mediator of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced chemotaxis was supported by the finding that the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NMMA (500 microM) inhibited chemotaxis; EC50 for fMLP 28.76 +/- 5.62 and 41.13 +/- 4.77 pmol/10(6) cells with and without L-NMMA, respectively. Similarly the NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO (100 microM) inhibited chemotaxis; EC50 for fMLP 19.71 +/- 4.23 and 31.68 +/- 8.50 pmol/10(6) cells with and without carboxy-PTIO, respectively. 3. A role for cyclic GMP as a mediator of chemotaxis was supported by the finding that the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor LY 83583 (100 microM) completely inhibited chemotaxis and suppressed the maximal response; EC50 for fMLP 32.53 +/- 11.18 and 85.21 +/- 15.14 pmol/10(6) cells with and without LY 83583, respectively. The same pattern of inhibition was observed with the G-kinase inhibitor KT 5823 (10 microM); EC50 for fMLP 32.16 +/- 11.35 and > 135 pmol/10(6) cells with and without KT 5823, respectively. 4. The phosphatase inhibitor, 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid (DPG) (100 microM) which inhibits phospholipase D, attenuated fMLP-induced chemotaxis; EC50 for fMLP 19.15 +/- 4.36 and 61.52 +/- 16.2 pmol/10(6) cells with and without DPG, respectively. 5. Although the NOS inhibitors L-NMMA and L-canavanine (500 microM) failed to inhibit fMLP-induced SAG, carboxy-PTIO caused significant inhibition (EC50 for fMLP 36.15 +/- 7.43 and 86.31 +/- 14.06 nM and reduced the maximal response from 22.14 +/- 1.5 to 9.8 +/- 1.6 nmol O2-/10(6) cells/10 min with and without carboxy-PTIO, respectively). This suggests NO is a mediator of fMLP-induced SAG. 6. A role for cyclic GMP as a mediator of SAG was supported by the effects of G-kinase inhibitors KT 5823 (10 microM) and Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS (100 microM) which inhibited SAG giving EC50 for fMLP of 36.26 +/- 8.77 and 200.01 +/- 43.26 nM with and without KT 5823, and 28.35 +/- 10.8 and 49.25 +/- 16.79 nM with and without Rp-8-pCTP-cGMPS. 7. The phosphatase inhibitor DPG (500 microM) inhibited SAG; EC50 for fMLP 33.93 +/- 4.23 and 61.12 +/- 14.43 nM with and without DPG, respectively. 8. The NO releasing compounds inhibited fMLP-induced chemotaxis with a rank order of potency of GEA 3162 (IC50 = 14.72 +/- 1.6 microM) > GEA 5024 (IC50 = 18.44 +/- 0.43 microM) > SIN-1 (IC50 > 1000 microM). This order of potency correlated with their ability to increase cyclic GMP levels rather than the release of NO, where SIN-1 was most effective (SIN-1 (EC50 = 37.62 +/- 0.9 microM) > GEA 3162 (EC50 = 39.7 +/- 0.53 microM) > GEA 5024 (EC50 = 89.86 +/- 1.62 microM)). 9. In conclusion, chemotaxis and SAG induced by fMLP can be attenuated by inhibitors of phospholipase D, NO and cyclic GMP, suggesting a role for these agents in neutrophil activation. However, the increases in cyclic GMP and NO induced by fMLP, which are associated with neutrophil activation, are very small. In contrast much larger increases in NO and cyclic GMP, as observed with NO releasing compounds, inhibit chemotaxis.
摘要
  1. 本研究的目的是通过使用一氧化氮(NO)和环鸟苷酸(cGMP)途径的选择性抑制剂,确定NO和cGMP在人中性粒细胞趋化性和超氧阴离子生成(SAG)中的作用。此外,还研究了NO释放化合物对中性粒细胞趋化性的抑制作用以及中性粒细胞硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐和cGMP水平的升高情况。这项工作的最终目的是解决NO既能激活又能抑制人中性粒细胞这一矛盾。2. NO作为N-甲酰甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸(fMLP)诱导趋化性的介质的作用得到了以下发现的支持:NO合酶(NOS)抑制剂L-NMMA(500 microM)抑制趋化性;有和没有L-NMMA时,fMLP的EC50分别为28.76±5.62和41.13±4.77 pmol/10(6)细胞。同样,NO清除剂羧基-PTIO(100 microM)也抑制趋化性;有和没有羧基-PTIO时,fMLP的EC50分别为19.71±4.23和31.68±8.50 pmol/10(6)细胞。 3. cGMP作为趋化性介质的作用得到了以下发现的支持:鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂LY 83583(100 microM)完全抑制趋化性并抑制最大反应;有和没有LY 83583时,fMLP的EC50分别为32.53±11.18和85.21±15.14 pmol/10(6)细胞。G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)也观察到了相同的抑制模式;有和没有KT 5823时,fMLP的EC50分别为32.16±11.35和>135 pmol/10(6)细胞。4. 抑制磷脂酶D的磷酸酶抑制剂2,3-二磷酸甘油酸(DPG)(100 microM)减弱了fMLP诱导的趋化性;有和没有DPG时,fMLP的EC50分别为19.15±4.36和61.52±16.2 pmol/10(6)细胞。5. 尽管NOS抑制剂L-NMMA和L-刀豆氨酸(500 microM)未能抑制fMLP诱导的SAG,但羧基-PTIO引起了显著抑制(有和没有羧基-PTIO时,fMLP的EC50分别为36.15±7.43和86.31±14.06 nM,并将最大反应从22.14±1.5降至9.8±1.6 nmol O2-/10(6)细胞/10分钟)。这表明NO是fMLP诱导的SAG的介质。6. G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)和Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS(100 microM)对SAG的抑制作用支持了cGMP作为SAG介质的作用,有和没有KT 5823时,fMLP的EC50分别为36.26±8.77和200.01±43.26 nM,有和没有Rp-8-pCTP-cGMPS时,EC50分别为28.35±10.8和49.25±16.79 nM。7. 磷酸酶抑制剂DPG(500 microM)抑制SAG;有和没有DPG时,fMLP的EC50分别为33.93±4.23和61.12±14.43 nM。8. NO释放化合物抑制fMLP诱导的趋化性,其效力顺序为GEA 3162(IC50 = 14.72±1.6 microM)> GEA 5024(IC50 = 18.44±0.43 microM)> SIN-1(IC50>1000 microM)。这种效力顺序与其增加cGMP水平的能力相关,而不是与NO的释放相关,其中SIN-1最有效(SIN-1(EC50 = 37.62±0.9 microM)> GEA 3162(EC50 = 39.7±0.53 microM)> GEA 5024(EC50 = 89.约为86.31±14.06 nM,并将最大反应从22.14±1.5降至9.8±1.6 nmol O2-/10(6)细胞/10分钟)。这表明NO是fMLP诱导的SAG的介质。6. G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)和Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS(100 microM)对SAG的抑制作用支持了cGMP作为SAG介质的作用,有和没有KT 5823时,fMLP的EC50分别为36.26±8.77和200.01±43.26 nM,有和没有Rp-8-pCTP-cGMPS时,EC50分别为28.35±10.8和49.25±16.经上述翻译内容调整后如下:

  2. 本研究旨在通过使用一氧化氮(NO)和环鸟苷酸(cGMP)途径的选择性抑制剂,确定NO和cGMP在人中性粒细胞趋化性及超氧阴离子生成(SAG)中的作用。此外,还检测了NO释放化合物对中性粒细胞趋化性的抑制作用,以及中性粒细胞硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐和cGMP水平的升高情况。此项研究最终目的是解决NO既能激活又能抑制人中性粒细胞这一矛盾。

  3. NO作为N-甲酰甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸(fMLP)诱导趋化性介质的作用,得到以下发现支持:NO合酶(NOS)抑制剂L-NMMA(500 microM)抑制趋化性;有无L-NMMA时,fMLP的EC50分别为28.76±5.62和41.13±4.77 pmol/10⁶细胞。同样,NO清除剂羧基-PTIO(100 microM)也抑制趋化性;有无羧基-PTIO时,fMLP的EC50分别为19.71±4.23和31.68±8.50 pmol/10⁶细胞。

  4. cGMP作为趋化性介质的作用,得到以下发现支持:鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂LY 83583(100 microM)完全抑制趋化性并抑制最大反应;有无LY 83583时,fMLP的EC50分别为32.53±11.18和85.21±15.14 pmol/10⁶细胞。G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)也呈现相同抑制模式;有无KT 5823时,fMLP的EC50分别为32.16±11.35和>135 pmol/10⁶细胞。

  5. 抑制磷脂酶D的磷酸酶抑制剂二磷酸甘油酸(DPG)(100 microM)减弱fMLP诱导的趋化性;有无DPG时,fMLP的EC50分别为19.15±4.36和61.52±16.2 pmol/10⁶细胞。

  6. 尽管NOS抑制剂L-NMMA和L-刀豆氨酸(500 microM)未能抑制fMLP诱导的SAG,但羧基-PTIO产生显著抑制(有无羧基-PTIO时,fMLP的EC50分别为36.15±7.43和86.31±14.06 nM,最大反应从22.14±1.5降至9.8±1.6 nmol O₂⁻/10⁶细胞/10分钟)。这表明NO是fMLP诱导的SAG的介质。

  7. G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)和Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS(100 microM)对SAG的抑制作用,支持了cGMP作为SAG介质的作用,有无KT 时,fMLP的EC50分别为²为36.26±8.77和200.01±43.26 nM,有无Rp-8-pCTP-cGMPS时,EC50分别为28.35±10.8和49.25±16.79 nM。

  8. 磷酸酶抑制剂DPG(500 microM)抑制SAG;有无DPG时,fMLP的EC50分别为33.93±4.23和61.12±14.43 nM。

  9. NO释放化合物抑制fMLP诱导的趋化性,效力顺序为GEA 3162(IC50 = 14.72±1.6 microM)> GEA 5024(IC50 = 18.44±0.43 microM)> SIN-1(IC50>1000 microM)。该效力顺序与其增加cGMP水平的能力相关,而非与NO释放相关,其中SIN-1最有效(SIN-1(EC50 = 37.62±0.9 microM)> GEA 3162(EC50 = 39.7±0.53 microM)> GEA 5024(EC50 = 89.86±1.62 microM))。

  10. 总之,fMLP诱导的趋化性和SAG可被磷脂酶D、NO和cGMP的抑制剂减弱,表明这些物质在中性粒细胞激活中起作用。然而,fMLP诱导的与中性粒细胞激活相关的cGMP和NO增加非常小。相比之下,如NO释放化合物所观察到的,NO和cGMP的大幅增加会抑制趋化性。

86±14.06 nM,并将最大反应从22.14±1.5降至9.8±1.6 nmol O2-/10(6)细胞/10分钟)。这表明NO是fMLP诱导的SAG的介质。6. G激酶抑制剂KT 5823(10 microM)和Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS(100 microM)对SAG的抑制作用支持了cGMP作为SAG介质的作用,有和没有KT 5823时,fMLP的EC50分别为36.26±8.77和200.01±43.26 nM,有和没有Rp-8-pCTP-cGMPS时,EC50分别为28.35±10.8和49.25±16.79 nM。7. 磷酸酶抑制剂DPG(500 microM)抑制SAG;有和没有DPG时,fMLP的EC50分别为33.93±4.23和61.12±14.43 nM。8. NO释放化合物抑制fMLP诱导的趋化性,其效力顺序为GEA 3162(IC50 = 14.72±1.6 microM)> GEA 5024(IC50 = 18.44±0.43 microM)> SIN-1(IC50>1000 microM)。这种效力顺序与其增加cGMP水平的能力相关,而不是与NO的释放相关,其中SIN-1最有效(SIN-1(EC50 = 37.62±0.9 microM)> GEA 3162(EC50 = 39.7±0.53 microM)> GEA 5024(EC50 = 89.86±1.62 microM))。9. 总之,fMLP诱导的趋化性和SAG可被磷脂酶D、NO和cGMP的抑制剂减弱,表明这些物质在中性粒细胞激活中起作用。然而,fMLP诱导的与中性粒细胞激活相关的cGMP和NO增加非常小。相比之下,如NO释放化合物所观察到的,NO和cGMP的大幅增加会抑制趋化性。

请注意,翻译中保留了所有的专业术语和特定单位,如“NO”(一氧化氮)、“cGMP”(环鸟苷酸)、“fMLP”(N-甲酰甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸)、“SAG”(超氧阴离子生成)、“NOS”(NO合酶)、“L-NMMA”、“羧基-PTIO”、“LY 83583”、“KT 5823”、“Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS”、“DPG”(二磷酸甘油酸)、“GEA 3162”、“GEA 5024”、“SIN-1”以及“IC50”(半数抑制浓度)、“EC50”(半数有效浓度)、“pmol/10⁶细胞”、“nmol O₂⁻/10⁶细胞/10分钟”、“ microM”(微摩尔)、“nM”(纳摩尔)等,以确保医学专业文献翻译的准确性和专业性。同时,对一些表述进行了适当的中文语法调整和优化,使译文更符合中文表达习惯。

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