Cass A S
J Urol. 1976 Jun;115(6):667-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)59329-5.
There was a 20 per cent mortality rate of 193 patients with bladder injury and in 94 percent of all patients there were associated injuries that caused the deaths. Blunt external trauma was responsible for 95 per cent of the injuries. Cystography revealed a falsely negative result in 3 patients with extraperitoneal rupture. Management of the 29 intraperitoneal, 36 extraperitoneal and 2 intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal ruptures comprised vesical repair and drainage in 60 patients, urethral catheter alone in 1 patient and no treatment in 6 in whom the rupture was found at autopsy. The advantages and disadvantages of urethral catheter drainage are discussed. Early diagnosis and treatment of bladder rupture are important if the significant mortality is to be reduced.
193例膀胱损伤患者的死亡率为20%，在所有患者中有94%存在导致死亡的合并伤。钝性外力创伤导致了95%的损伤。膀胱造影显示3例腹膜外破裂患者出现假阴性结果。对29例腹膜内破裂、36例腹膜外破裂以及2例腹膜内和腹膜外联合破裂的处理包括：60例患者进行了膀胱修复和引流，1例患者仅留置尿道导管，6例患者未接受治疗（这些患者的破裂在尸检时才被发现）。文中讨论了尿道导管引流的优缺点。若要降低显著的死亡率，膀胱破裂的早期诊断和治疗至关重要。
