Burrows P E, Robertson R L
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1998 Jan;9(1):155-80.
Central nervous system vascular disorders in the neonate comprise structural anomalies or malformations of arteries and veins and physiologic alterations of cerebral blood flow, which can mimic structural vascular disease. Clinical , imaging, and transcatheter therapeutic aspects of neonatal cerebral vascular malformations are described. Symptomatic high-flow vascular malformations characteristically present with cardiac failure and associated systemic problems in the neonate, whereas infants typically present with macrocephaly and hydrocephalus and older children with hemorrhage, developmental delay, or focal deficits. Neonatal cerebral hemorrhage is typically primary or associated with immaturity, parturitional trauma, or coagulopathy. Likewise, cerebral ischemic lesions are more likely secondary to hypoxic, ischemic events than to thromboembolic or structural cerebrovascular occlusive disease. The role of the current noninvasive imaging modalities in each of these clinical problems is reviewed and illustrated.
新生儿中枢神经系统血管疾病包括动脉和静脉的结构异常或畸形以及脑血流的生理改变，这些改变可能类似于结构性血管疾病。本文描述了新生儿脑血管畸形的临床、影像学及经导管治疗方面。有症状的高流量血管畸形在新生儿中典型地表现为心力衰竭及相关的全身问题，而婴儿通常表现为巨头畸形和脑积水，年龄较大的儿童则表现为出血、发育迟缓或局灶性缺陷。新生儿脑出血通常是原发性的，或与不成熟、分娩创伤或凝血病有关。同样，脑缺血性病变更可能继发于缺氧、缺血事件，而非血栓栓塞或结构性脑血管闭塞性疾病。本文回顾并举例说明了当前非侵入性成像方式在这些临床问题中的作用。
