Vieregge P
Klinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 1997 Jul-Aug;30(4):263-6.
Any disturbance of gait unmasks itself by a reduced walking velocity. This reduction takes place in order to maintain a low level of energy consumption during walking. The gait phenomenology resulting from velocity reduction is nonspecific and exhibits a compensatory and partly protective walking pattern. Such pattern is intermingled among many neurologic gait abnormalities of old age. Changes in gait patterns or in body equilibrium are among the situations likely to cause a fall in a frail elderly person, particularly, if another disturbance or disease of walking and/or balance control adds to that age-associated pathology. Many neurologic diseases of old age may cause falls by a reduced foot-floor clearance during swing phase, thus, raising the risk of stumbling.
任何步态紊乱都会通过行走速度降低而显现出来。速度降低是为了在行走过程中保持低能量消耗。速度降低导致的步态表现是非特异性的，呈现出一种代偿性且部分具有保护性的行走模式。这种模式混杂在许多老年神经源性步态异常之中。步态模式或身体平衡的变化是体弱老年人可能跌倒的情况之一，特别是如果行走和/或平衡控制的另一种紊乱或疾病叠加在这种与年龄相关的病理状况之上。许多老年神经疾病可能通过摆动期足部与地面间隙减小而导致跌倒，从而增加绊倒的风险。
