Deguchi K, Suzuki Y, Ishihara R, Ishii Y, Nakazawa A
Section of Studies, Tokyo Clinical Research Center.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1997 Oct;50(10):829-43.
The drug susceptibility patterns were investigated for verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) including O-157, Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni that were obtained in and after July 1996. The results are summarized as follows; 1. We found highly resistant strains of VTEC to tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (ABPC). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of some of the drugs against VTEC in an aerobic condition were significantly different from those in an anaerobic condition. For example, aerobic.anaerobic MIC ranges of the drugs tested were as follows: chroramphenicol (CP): 1.56-3.13 micrograms/ml.0.78-1.56 micrograms/ml, TC: 1.56-> 100 micrograms/ml.0.78-> 100 micrograms/ml, minocycline (MINO): 1.56-12.5 micrograms/ml.0.78-3.13 micrograms/ml, kanamycin (KM): 3.13-6.25 micrograms/ml.25-100 micrograms/ml, fosfomycin (FOM): 3.13-25 micrograms/ml.0.78-6.25 micrograms/ml, norfloxacin (NFLX): < or = 0.025-0.2 microgram/ml.< or = 0.025-0.2 microgram/ml, ABPC: 1.56-> 100 micrograms/ml.0.78-> 100 micrograms/ml and cefaclor (CCL): 1.56-25 micrograms/ml.56-12.5 micrograms/ml. MICs of CP and tetracyclines (TCs) in an anaerobic condition were lower by twofold and the MIC of FOM was lower by fourfold, but the variabilities of MIC-ranges of NFLX, ABPC and CCL were small. The MIC of KM was high. 2. We observed that some of Salmonella spp. were highly resistant to CP, TCs and MINO, and some were moderately resistant to NFLX. 3. The detection frequency of TC-resistant strains and NFLX-insensitive or resistant strains were high among C. jejuni subsp. jejuni. 4. Strains of V. parahaemolyticus and C. jejuni subsp. jejuni were mostly resistant to ABPC and CCL, MICs of which were in high ranges. 5. Fecal concentrations in MINO, KM, FOM and NFLX reported in literatures are high enough to have some antimicrobial activities, leed dose of ABPC and CCL are quite low.
对1996年7月及以后分离得到的产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（VTEC，包括O-157）、沙门氏菌属、副溶血性弧菌和空肠弯曲菌空肠亚种进行了药敏模式研究。结果总结如下：1. 我们发现VTEC对四环素（TC）和氨苄青霉素（ABPC）有高度耐药菌株。某些药物在需氧条件下对VTEC的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）与厌氧条件下有显著差异。例如，所测药物的需氧-厌氧MIC范围如下：氯霉素（CP）：1.56 - 3.13微克/毫升、0.78 - 1.56微克/毫升，TC：1.56 -> 100微克/毫升、0.78 -> 100微克/毫升，米诺环素（MINO）：1.56 - 12.5微克/毫升、0.78 - 3.13微克/毫升，卡那霉素（KM）：3.13 - 6.25微克/毫升、25 - 100微克/毫升，磷霉素（FOM）：3.13 - 25微克/毫升、0.78 - 6.25微克/毫升，诺氟沙星（NFLX）：≤0.025 - 0.2微克/毫升、≤0.025 - 0.2微克/毫升，ABPC：1.56 -> 100微克/毫升、0.78 -> 100微克/毫升，头孢克洛（CCL）：1.56 - 25微克/毫升、56 - 12.5微克/毫升。厌氧条件下CP和四环素类（TCs）的MIC低两倍，FOM的MIC低四倍，但NFLX、ABPC和CCL的MIC范围变化小。KM的MIC高。2. 我们观察到一些沙门氏菌属对CP、TCs和MINO高度耐药，一些对NFLX中度耐药。3. 空肠弯曲菌空肠亚种中TC耐药菌株以及NFLX不敏感或耐药菌株的检出频率高。4. 副溶血性弧菌和空肠弯曲菌空肠亚种菌株大多对ABPC和CCL耐药，其MIC处于高范围。5. 文献报道的MINO、KM、FOM和NFLX的粪便浓度足以具有一定抗菌活性，ABPC和CCL的给药剂量相当低。
