人类白细胞抗原（HLA）抗体筛查：固相酶联免疫测定法与抗球蛋白增强淋巴细胞毒性试验的比较
HLA antibody screening: comparison of a solid phase enzyme-linked immunoassay with antiglobulin-augmented lymphocytotoxicity.
作者信息
Moore S B, Ploeger N A, DeGoey S R
机构信息
Histocompatibility Laboratory, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
出版信息
Transplantation. 1997 Dec 15;64(11):1617-20. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199712150-00023.
BACKGROUND
IgG antibodies to HLA class I antigens can cause hyperacute rejection of renal allografts. Screening of sera from such transplant candidates is laborious, time-consuming, and expensive when performed by sensitive antihuman globulin-augmented lymphocytotoxicity (AHG-CDC).
METHODS
Because 60-70% of our transplant screens are negative, we evaluated a solid phase enzyme-linked method (EIA) as a potential prescreen by parallel testing 215 sera by AHG-CDC and by EIA. This EIA method is designed to detect only IgG antibodies, and all positive AHG-CDC sera were retested after dithiothreitol treatment.
RESULTS
There was 96.2% concordance between the tests for IgG antibodies. Seven sera (3.25%) were positive by EIA alone, and one (0.46%) was negative by EIA alone. The EIA method was also less costly ($15.00 versus $105.00) and less time consuming (hours versus days) than AHG-CDC panel testing for large numbers of sera.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that this EIA method is simple, sensitive, objective, and cost effective as a prescreen for HLA class I antibodies.
背景
抗人白细胞抗原（HLA）I类抗原的IgG抗体可导致肾移植的超急性排斥反应。当通过敏感的抗人球蛋白增强淋巴细胞毒性试验（AHG-CDC）对这类移植候选者的血清进行筛查时，操作繁琐、耗时且昂贵。
方法
由于我们60%-70%的移植筛查结果为阴性，我们通过AHG-CDC和酶联免疫吸附测定法（EIA）对215份血清进行平行检测，评估EIA作为一种潜在预筛查方法的效果。这种EIA方法仅用于检测IgG抗体，所有AHG-CDC阳性血清在经过二硫苏糖醇处理后重新检测。
结果
IgG抗体检测之间的一致性为96.2%。7份血清（3.25%）仅EIA检测呈阳性，1份血清（0.46%）仅EIA检测呈阴性。对于大量血清检测，EIA方法也比AHG-CDC组试验成本更低（15美元对105美元）且耗时更短（数小时对数天）。
结论
我们得出结论，这种EIA方法作为HLA I类抗体的预筛查方法简单、灵敏、客观且具有成本效益。
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