Pugliese G
J Intraven Nurs. 1997 Nov-Dec;20(6 Suppl):S11-23.
The insertion of an intravascular (i.v.) access device is a complicated, multistep procedure, posing risks of infection to both the patient and the healthcare worker. Patients are at risk for local or systemic bloodstream infections, and healthcare workers are at risk for occupationally acquired bloodborne pathogen infections from accidental needlestick injuries. This article summarizes the risks of i.v. device-related infectious complications in patients and highlights recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to reduce these risks. In addition, recent research data are presented on the risks of occupationally acquired bloodborne pathogen infections from accidental needlestick injuries from vascular access, the specific devices causing these injuries, strategies to reduce these risks, medical follow-up when injury does occur, and methods for conducting product evaluations.
血管内（i.v.）通路装置的插入是一个复杂的多步骤程序，会给患者和医护人员带来感染风险。患者有发生局部或全身性血流感染的风险，而医护人员则有因意外针刺伤而职业性感染血源性病原体的风险。本文总结了患者中与静脉装置相关的感染性并发症的风险，并强调了疾病控制与预防中心为降低这些风险而提出的建议。此外，还介绍了近期关于因血管通路意外针刺伤导致职业性感染血源性病原体的风险、造成这些伤害的具体装置、降低这些风险的策略、受伤发生时的医学随访以及进行产品评估的方法等研究数据。
