Murata T, Imamura M, Taniguchi M, Tanaka Y
Department of Radiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
J Int Med Res. 1997 Nov-Dec;25(6):325-39. doi: 10.1177/030006059702500603.
The effect of isoproterenol (isoprenaline) and aminophylline on airway calibre in 18 adult patients with bronchial asthma was measured directly using selective alveolobronchography. Isoproterenol caused a significant dilation in the maximal calibre of the central airway from bifurcation numbers 1-5 (P < 0.05) and number 6 (P < 0.01). There was no change in bifurcation number 0 (trachea). Aminophylline caused a significant dilatation in bifurcation numbers 3 and 4 (P < 0.01), with no change in bifurcation numbers 0-2 and 5-6. In the minimal calibre of the central airway, both drugs displayed a significant dilatory effect only at bifurcation number 3 (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the central airway is the main site of the dilatory effects of these drugs. Although their precise mechanisms of action are not known, these results suggest that mechanisms of action of the two drugs are different. Isoproterenol acts on the whole region of the central airway, while the action of aminophylline tends to be limited to bifurcation numbers 3 and 4.
采用选择性肺泡支气管造影术直接测量了18例成年支气管哮喘患者异丙肾上腺素（喘息定）和氨茶碱对气道管径的影响。异丙肾上腺素使第1 - 5级和第6级中央气道的最大管径显著扩张（第1 - 5级，P < 0.05；第6级，P < 0.01）。第0级（气管）无变化。氨茶碱使第3级和第4级气道显著扩张（P < 0.01），第0 - 2级和第5 - 6级无变化。在中央气道的最小管径处，两种药物仅在第3级显示出显著的扩张作用（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明中央气道是这些药物扩张作用的主要部位。尽管它们的确切作用机制尚不清楚，但这些结果提示两种药物的作用机制不同。异丙肾上腺素作用于中央气道的整个区域，而氨茶碱的作用倾向于局限于第3级和第4级。
