Cameron D R, Pegg S P, Muller M
Burns Unit, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Burns. 1997 Sep;23(6):519-21. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(97)00039-9.
Self-inflicted burns are a regular source of admissions to burns units world wide. This study examines the characteristics and outcomes of those who deliberately burn themselves. The medical records of all patients admitted to the Royal Brisbane Hospital Burns Unit and identified as having suffered a self-inflicted burn between 1990 and 1995 were reviewed. The records of patients who doused themselves with flammable liquid between 1984 and 1995 were examined as a separate group. Of 1072 admissions there were 44 cases (4.1 per cent) of deliberately self-inflicted burns. Average age was 30 yr with an average total burn surface area (TBSA) of 30 per cent (range 1-98 per cent). Schizophrenia, depression and personality disorder were diagnosed in 71 per cent. Alcohol intoxication was common in the rest. Suicide attempters were almost all male and the majority (60 per cent) were diagnosed with a major psychiatric illness. Self-mutilators suffered much less serious burns and none died. Self-inflicted burns accounted for 24 per cent of burns admitted to the intensive care unit. Self-immolation with flammable liquid resulted in severe burns with a 45 per cent mortality. A number of differences was demonstrated between those patients who had attempted suicide and those who had deliberately burnt themselves without suicidal attempt. Self-immolators constitute a considerable proportion of major burns admitted to this unit.
自伤性烧伤是全球烧伤病房患者入院的常见原因。本研究调查了故意烧伤自己的患者的特征和治疗结果。回顾了1990年至1995年间入住皇家布里斯班医院烧伤病房且被认定为自伤性烧伤患者的病历。将1984年至1995年间用易燃液体浇身的患者记录作为一个单独的组进行研究。在1072例入院患者中，有44例（4.1%）为故意自伤性烧伤。平均年龄为30岁，平均烧伤总面积（TBSA）为30%（范围为1%至98%）。71%的患者被诊断患有精神分裂症、抑郁症和人格障碍。其余患者中酒精中毒很常见。自杀未遂者几乎全为男性，大多数（60%）被诊断患有重度精神疾病。自残者的烧伤程度要轻得多，且无人死亡。自伤性烧伤占重症监护病房收治烧伤患者的24%。用易燃液体自焚导致严重烧伤，死亡率为45%。自杀未遂患者与非自杀性故意烧伤患者之间存在一些差异。自焚者占该病房收治的重度烧伤患者的相当比例。
