Thurau R
St. Joseph Hospital, Kirkwood, Mo., USA.
J Vasc Nurs. 1997 Dec;15(4):124-7. doi: 10.1016/s1062-0303(97)90030-3.
More women than men die of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and data in the literature point to the existence of gender differences pertaining to CVD. These differences may result in gender bias. Data support the existence of gender bias in referral for testing procedures and the treatment of possible CVD; in addition, research on pharmacologic agents and instruments for assessment of CVD show gender bias. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the extent of gender bias in the recognition, evaluation, and treatment of CVD in women. Social forces are considered, and implications for future research, patient education, diagnostic testing, methodology, and effective attitude management are delineated.
死于心血管疾病（CVD）的女性比男性多，文献中的数据表明在CVD方面存在性别差异。这些差异可能导致性别偏见。数据支持在转诊进行检测程序以及治疗可能的CVD方面存在性别偏见；此外，关于评估CVD的药物和仪器的研究也显示出性别偏见。本文的目的是概述在女性CVD的识别、评估和治疗中性别偏见的程度。文中考虑了社会因素，并阐述了对未来研究、患者教育、诊断测试、方法学以及有效态度管理的影响。
