Blackwell A
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, U.K.
Med Vet Entomol. 1997 Oct;11(4):361-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1997.tb00423.x.
The hourly flight periodicity of adults of the biting midge Culicoides impunctatus was sampled at a site in Western Scotland, using suction traps over 18 days in July/August 1994. In addition, meteorological conditions were logged continuously. Female but not male C. impunctatus had a bimodal pattern of activity, with peaks at dawn and dusk. The dawn peak (05.00-07.00 hours) was most distinct. Correlation analysis revealed significantly positive relationships between catches of female midges and both relative humidity and rainfall, and negative relationships with wind velocity. The calculation of partial correlation coefficients reinforced the influence of relative humidity on female activity, and highlighted a further positive relationship with air temperature. Male C.impunctatus activity was negatively correlated with air temperature, although the total male catch was relatively small (15% of total trap catches) and further data would be required to confirm this result. Overall, the results help to clarify previous confusion as to whether C.impunctatus has a circadian rhythm of activity, with the data matching closely predictions of a bimodal pattern. Clearly, this pattern will be damped by meteorological conditions, which may vary greatly on a local scale.
1994年7月/8月，在苏格兰西部的一个地点，使用吸气式诱捕器对刺扰伊蚊成虫的每小时飞行周期进行了为期18天的采样。此外，还持续记录了气象条件。刺扰伊蚊的雌蚊有双峰活动模式，而雄蚊没有，其活动高峰出现在黎明和黄昏。黎明高峰（05:00 - 07:00时）最为明显。相关分析表明，雌蚊捕获量与相对湿度和降雨量之间存在显著正相关，与风速存在负相关。偏相关系数的计算强化了相对湿度对雌蚊活动的影响，并突出了与气温的进一步正相关关系。刺扰伊蚊雄蚊的活动与气温呈负相关，尽管雄蚊的总捕获量相对较小（占诱捕器总捕获量的15%），还需要更多数据来证实这一结果。总体而言，这些结果有助于澄清之前关于刺扰伊蚊是否具有昼夜活动节律的困惑，数据与双峰模式的预测结果非常吻合。显然，这种模式会受到气象条件的影响，而气象条件在局部范围内可能有很大差异。
