Kvaerner K J, Mair I W
Seksjon for epidemiologi, Statens institutt for folkehelse, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 Nov 20;117(28):4096-8.
Acute otitis media refers to a clinically identifiable infection of the middle ear with sudden onset and of short duration. By two years of age, approximately 40% of children have had at least one attack of acute otitis media. Of these, 5-10% subsequently experience recurrent infections. Evidence suggests that frequent attacks of acute otitis media may adversely affect neurocognitive and language development and necessitate repeated medical and surgical treatment. Efforts have been made to identify early risk factors associated with this proneness to otitis in order to give the affected children optimal medical care and prophylactic treatment. Based on existing literature, guidelines for prophylaxis and treatment of acute and recurrent acute otitis media are discussed in this paper.
急性中耳炎是指中耳的一种临床上可识别的感染，起病急且病程短。到两岁时，约40%的儿童至少患过一次急性中耳炎。其中，5% - 10%随后会反复感染。有证据表明，急性中耳炎的频繁发作可能对神经认知和语言发育产生不利影响，并需要反复进行药物和手术治疗。人们已努力确定与这种中耳炎易感性相关的早期风险因素，以便为受影响的儿童提供最佳医疗护理和预防性治疗。基于现有文献，本文讨论了急性和复发性急性中耳炎的预防和治疗指南。
