Atalan G, Barr F J, Holt P E
Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, United Kingdom.
Am J Vet Res. 1998 Jan;59(1):10-5.
To evaluate accuracy of formulas derived from linear ultrasonographic measurements and used in human beings to assess urinary bladder volume as a method of estimating bladder volume in dogs and to test reproducibility of ultrasonographic measurements of linear bladder dimensions.
64 live dogs (for bladder volume determination) and 31 fresh canine cadavers (for ultrasonographic assessment of reproducibility of measurements).
Maximal length, longitudinal and transverse depth (DL and DT), and width were measured from the maximal longitudinal and transverse images. Bladder volume was estimated, using 6 formulas, and calculated volumes were compared statistically with the actual volume obtained by catheterization, using paired nonparametric tests. Reproducibility of bladder dimensions was investigated by measuring length, DL, DT, and width 3 times from each image of section. Measurements of depth (DL and DT) also were compared.
Calculations of bladder volume from linear dimensions, using a formula described for use in human beings, gave a satisfactory indication of actual bladder volume; the median difference between actual and calculated volumes was only 5 ml. Bladder volume estimations were less accurate when large-volume bladders were measured. Matching between repeated measurements was significant (P < 0.005 for longitudinal bladder length and P < 0.0001 for bladder depth and width). Measurements of DL and DT were significantly (P < 0.01) different, with DL greater than DT.
Ultrasonographic assessment of bladder volume in dogs by application of the formula is sufficiently accurate for most clinical purposes.
Ultrasonography would be a useful method of estimating bladder volume in dogs with severe obstruction or dysfunctional voiding of urine.
评估源自线性超声测量并用于人类的公式在估计犬膀胱容量方面的准确性，以此作为评估犬膀胱容量的一种方法，并测试线性膀胱尺寸超声测量的可重复性。
64只活体犬（用于膀胱容量测定）和31具新鲜犬尸体（用于超声测量的可重复性评估）。
从最大纵向和横向图像测量最大长度、纵向和横向深度（DL和DT）以及宽度。使用6种公式估计膀胱容量，并使用配对非参数检验将计算出的容量与通过导尿获得的实际容量进行统计学比较。通过从每个切片图像测量长度、DL、DT和宽度3次来研究膀胱尺寸的可重复性。还比较了深度（DL和DT）的测量值。
使用描述用于人类的公式根据线性尺寸计算膀胱容量，能令人满意地指示实际膀胱容量；实际容量与计算容量之间的中位数差异仅为5毫升。测量大容量膀胱时，膀胱容量估计的准确性较低。重复测量之间的匹配具有显著性（膀胱纵向长度P < 0.005，膀胱深度和宽度P < 0.0001）。DL和DT的测量值存在显著差异（P < 0.01），DL大于DT。
应用该公式对犬膀胱容量进行超声评估对于大多数临床目的而言足够准确。
超声检查将是估计患有严重尿路梗阻或排尿功能障碍犬膀胱容量的一种有用方法。
