Sternsdorf T, Grötzinger T, Jensen K, Will H
Heinrich-Pette-Institut für experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
Immunobiology. 1997 Dec;198(1-3):307-31. doi: 10.1016/S0171-2985(97)80051-4.
Nuclear dots (NDs), alternatively designated nuclear bodies (NBs), PML oncogenic domains (PODs), nuclear domain 10 (ND10) or Kr-bodies, became a major topic for researchers in many fields only recently. Originally described as an autoantigenic target in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, they are now also known to play a role in development of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and possibly other forms of neoplasia. Size, number and composition of NDs are regulated throughout the cell cycle. Infection with herpes simplex virus, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr-virus, influenza virus and human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV I) strongly modifies ND structure through viral regulatory proteins. Due to this finding and because at least three of the cellular ND proteins are highly interferon-inducible, a function of NDs in early viral infection or in antiviral response has been postulated. Functional data are currently available only for two of the ND-associated proteins. The Sp100 protein seems to have transcriptional transactivating property, whereas the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) was reported to suppress growth and transformation. Here, we give a brief overview of the data currently available on NDs. Thus, we hope to link seemingly unrelated findings in the literature on oncology, virology, cell biology and immunology.
核点（NDs），也被称为核小体（NBs）、早幼粒细胞白血病相关蛋白致癌结构域（PODs）、核域10（ND10）或Krüppel小体，直到最近才成为许多领域研究人员的主要研究对象。最初它被描述为原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者的自身抗原靶点，现在人们还知道它在急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）以及可能的其他肿瘤形成中发挥作用。核点的大小、数量和组成在整个细胞周期中受到调控。单纯疱疹病毒、腺病毒、巨细胞病毒、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒、流感病毒和人类I型嗜T细胞病毒（HTLV I）感染会通过病毒调节蛋白强烈改变核点结构。基于这一发现，并且由于至少三种细胞内核点蛋白具有高度干扰素诱导性，人们推测核点在病毒早期感染或抗病毒反应中具有某种功能。目前仅获得了两种与核点相关蛋白的功能数据。Sp100蛋白似乎具有转录反式激活特性，而早幼粒细胞白血病蛋白（PML）据报道可抑制生长和转化。在此，我们简要概述目前有关核点的现有数据。因此，我们希望将肿瘤学、病毒学、细胞生物学和免疫学文献中看似不相关的研究结果联系起来。
