Hall F S
Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism/D.I.C.B.R., Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Crit Rev Neurobiol. 1998;12(1-2):129-62. doi: 10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v12.i1-2.50.
This review examines the consequences of social deprivation on brain chemistry and behavior on rats. Although social deprivation produces wide-ranging behavioral and neurochemical effects, it appears that these effects are determined by a number of factors, the most critical factor being the age or developmental stage during the period of deprivation. Roughly, the effects examined in this review may be separated into three major developmental stages and each is related to deprivation of specific types of social interaction: preweaning/neonatal, postweaning/adolescent, and adult. The effects of social deprivation during each of these stages appears to be neurochemically and behaviorally specific. However, much of the research to date has failed to examine deprivation during specific stages, often combining deprivation of different types. Nonetheless, these modifications of experience produce animals of differing phenotypes, which could be characterized as pathological in nature in many instances, and may model particular aspects of human psychopathologies or perhaps the propensity to develop those phenotypic features.
本综述探讨了社会剥夺对大鼠大脑化学和行为的影响。尽管社会剥夺会产生广泛的行为和神经化学效应，但这些效应似乎由多种因素决定，其中最关键的因素是剥夺期间的年龄或发育阶段。大致而言，本综述中研究的效应可分为三个主要发育阶段，每个阶段都与特定类型的社会互动剥夺有关：断奶前/新生儿期、断奶后/青少年期和成年期。在这些阶段中，每个阶段的社会剥夺效应在神经化学和行为方面似乎都是特定的。然而，迄今为止的许多研究都未能在特定阶段研究剥夺情况，往往将不同类型的剥夺结合在一起。尽管如此，这些经验的改变产生了不同表型的动物，在许多情况下，这些表型在本质上可被视为病理性的，并且可能模拟人类精神病理学的特定方面，或者也许是发展那些表型特征的倾向。
