Namekata T, Moore D E, Suzuki K, Mori M, Knopp R H, Marcovina S M, Perrin E B, Hughes D A, Hatano S, Hayashi C
Nikkei Disease Prevention Center, Seattle, WA 98144, USA.
Int J Epidemiol. 1997 Dec;26(6):1203-13. doi: 10.1093/ije/26.6.1203.
It has been previously shown that Japanese Americans in Seattle have significantly higher cholesterol levels than native Japanese. The present study examines the association of biological and lifestyle factors with plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels among Japanese Americans (JA) and native Japanese (NJ) to determine if these associations are consistent between these high and low cholesterol populations.
Study samples consisted of 710 JA male and 728 JA female volunteers living in the Seattle area and a random sample of 3833 NJ male urban workers who participated in parallel cardiovascular disease screening and lifestyle surveys for 1989-1994. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of lifestyle and biological factors with lipid and lipoprotein levels.
Alcohol consumption was positively and linearly associated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and negatively associated with both low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the ratio of total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) among JA males and JA females and NJ males. Current smoking habit was observed to be negatively associated with HDL-C levels and positively with TC/HDL-C ratio and log TG levels (logarithmic transformation of triglyceride values) (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) among all three groups. Body mass index (BMI) was negatively associated with HDL-C levels and positively associated with log TG and TC/HDL-C ratio among all three groups (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Moderate alcohol consumption was negatively associated with log TG levels among JA males and females (P < 0.05), whereas heavy alcohol consumption was positively associated with log TG levels in NJ males (P < 0.001). Smoking was positively associated with TC and LDL-C levels (P < 0.05) among JA males, whereas a negative association (P < 0.05) was observed in NJ males.
Overall, the fitted models were consistent between JA males and females and NJ males with the exception of smoking on TC and LDL-C. The results suggest that moderate alcohol consumption favourably influences lipid profiles in both high and low cholesterol populations. The results also indicate that light alcohol consumption is associated with decreased triglyceride levels, whereas heavy alcohol consumption is associated with increased triglyceride levels.
此前研究表明，西雅图的日裔美国人胆固醇水平显著高于日本本土居民。本研究调查了日裔美国人（JA）和日本本土居民（NJ）中生物学和生活方式因素与血浆脂质及脂蛋白水平的关联，以确定这些关联在高胆固醇人群和低胆固醇人群中是否一致。
研究样本包括居住在西雅图地区的710名JA男性和728名JA女性志愿者，以及3833名NJ男性城市工人的随机样本，这些人在1989 - 1994年期间参与了平行的心血管疾病筛查和生活方式调查。进行多元回归分析以研究生活方式和生物学因素与脂质及脂蛋白水平的关联。
在JA男性、JA女性和NJ男性中，饮酒量与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）水平呈正线性相关，与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）水平及总胆固醇（TC）/HDL - C比值呈负相关（P < 0.05至P < 0.001）。在所有三组中，当前吸烟习惯与HDL - C水平呈负相关，与TC/HDL - C比值及甘油三酯水平的对数（甘油三酯值的对数转换）呈正相关（P < 0.05至P < 0.001）。在所有三组中，体重指数（BMI）与HDL - C水平呈负相关，与甘油三酯水平的对数及TC/HDL - C比值呈正相关（P < 0.05至P < 0.001）。适度饮酒与JA男性和女性的甘油三酯水平的对数呈负相关（P < 0.05），而重度饮酒与NJ男性的甘油三酯水平的对数呈正相关（P < 0.001）。吸烟与JA男性的TC和LDL - C水平呈正相关（P < 0.05），而在NJ男性中观察到负相关（P < 0.05）。
总体而言，除吸烟对TC和LDL - C的影响外，JA男性和女性以及NJ男性的拟合模型是一致的。结果表明，适度饮酒对高胆固醇人群和低胆固醇人群的脂质谱均有有利影响。结果还表明，轻度饮酒与甘油三酯水平降低有关，而重度饮酒与甘油三酯水平升高有关。
