Gorelick D A
NIH/NIDA Division of Intramural Research, Treatment Branch, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997 Dec 15;48(3):159-65. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00119-1.
Existing pharmacodynamic approaches to cocaine abuse treatment have not been widely successful. An alternative, pharmacokinetic, approach is to enhance cocaine metabolism by administration of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a major cocaine-metabolizing enzyme in primates. Initial studies in rodents suggest that BChE pretreatment can substantially reduce the acute physiological and behavioral effects of cocaine, at enzyme doses that themselves have no behavioral or toxic effects. A single enzyme injection may increase plasma BChE activity for several days, suggesting that exogenous administration may be practical. BChE treatment may also produce a favorable pattern of cocaine metabolites. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of BChE administration.
现有的治疗可卡因成瘾的药效学方法尚未广泛取得成功。另一种方法，即药代动力学方法，是通过给予丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）来增强可卡因的代谢，BChE是灵长类动物中一种主要的可卡因代谢酶。对啮齿动物的初步研究表明，在酶剂量本身没有行为或毒性作用的情况下，BChE预处理可大幅降低可卡因的急性生理和行为效应。单次注射酶可能会使血浆BChE活性提高数天，这表明外源性给药可能具有可行性。BChE治疗还可能产生有利的可卡因代谢物模式。需要进一步研究来评估BChE给药的长期效果。
