Prausnitz M R
School of Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0100, USA.
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1997;14(4):455-83.
Great advances in transdermal delivery of macromolecules have been made within the last few years using ultradeformable liposomes, electroporation, and low-frequency ultrasound, each of which has been shown to deliver macromolecules at clinically useful rates. Until recently, delivery of high-molecular-weight compounds across the skin was not a realistic option, since the skin's great barrier properties prevent transport of macromolecules across human skin at therapeutically relevant rates. An overview of chemical (liposomes and chemical enhancers) and physical (iontophoresis, electroporation, and ultrasound) methods of enhancement is presented, with emphasis on work published within the last two years. Key experimental results and their mechanistic interpretation are provided for each enhancement technique.
在过去几年中，利用超可变形脂质体、电穿孔和低频超声技术，大分子经皮给药取得了巨大进展，每种技术都已被证明能以临床可用的速率递送大分子。直到最近，高分子量化合物经皮递送还不是一个现实的选择，因为皮肤强大的屏障特性阻碍了大分子以治疗相关速率穿过人体皮肤。本文综述了化学方法（脂质体和化学促进剂）和物理方法（离子电渗、电穿孔和超声）的促进作用，重点介绍了过去两年发表的研究成果。针对每种促进技术，提供了关键实验结果及其机理解释。
