Gill K, Elk M E, Deitrich R A
Pharmacology Department, University of Colorado, Denver, USA.
Am Indian Alsk Nativ Ment Health Res (1987). 1997;8(1):41-52. doi: 10.5820/aian.0801.1997.41.
The patterns of alcohol consumption, family history of alcoholism, and lifetime and current diagnoses of substance dependence were determined in a sample of American Indians (n = 105) living in Denver. Subjects were recruited through flyers, posters, and advertisements placed in local newspapers, the Denver Indian Center, and Denver Indian Health and Family Services. Subjects were interviewed regarding their education, employment, past and present drug and alcohol use (including frequency/quantity, beverage type, and pattern of intake) and family history of alcoholism. The drug and alcohol sections of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule were administered in order to determine lifetime and current prevalence of substance dependence. Although there are limits to the generalizability of these data due to the use of a non-random sampling method, the results indicate that approximately half of the sample (50.5%) were abstinent or irregular drinkers with moderate intake (3.3 drinks/occasion). Binge drinkers (3.8%) consumed large amounts of alcohol per occasion, with a mean of 21.6 drinks. Also, 45.5% of the sample were regular drinkers (at least once/wk) with a mean of 11 standard drinks/occasion. The rate of current alcohol dependence (33.3%) and other drug dependence (18.1%) was relatively high with cocaine and cannabis the primary drugs of abuse. The most striking aspect of the sample was the very high rate of family history of alcoholism (60.6% with at least one alcoholic parent) and only 11.1% with no primary or secondary alcoholic family members.
对居住在丹佛的105名美国印第安人样本进行了饮酒模式、酗酒家族史以及终生和当前物质依赖诊断情况的研究。通过在当地报纸、丹佛印第安人中心以及丹佛印第安人健康与家庭服务机构张贴传单、海报和刊登广告来招募研究对象。就研究对象的教育程度、就业情况、过去和现在的药物及酒精使用情况（包括频率/数量、饮料类型和摄入模式）以及酗酒家族史进行了访谈。使用诊断访谈时间表中的药物和酒精部分来确定终生和当前物质依赖的患病率。尽管由于采用了非随机抽样方法，这些数据的可推广性存在局限性，但结果表明，大约一半的样本（50.5%）戒酒或饮酒不规律，饮酒量适中（每次3.3杯）。狂饮者（3.8%）每次饮酒量很大，平均为21.6杯。此外，45.5%的样本为经常饮酒者（至少每周一次），平均每次饮用11标准杯。当前酒精依赖率（33.3%）和其他药物依赖率（18.1%）相对较高，主要滥用药物为可卡因和大麻。该样本最显著的方面是酗酒家族史的比例非常高（至少有一位酗酒父母的占60.6%），而没有一级或二级酗酒家庭成员的仅占11.1%。
