Masi G, Luccherino L
Institute of Developmental Neurology, Psychiatry and Educational Psychology, University of Pisa, Italy.
Panminerva Med. 1997 Dec;39(4):299-304.
According to the DSM-IV, all types of psychiatric disorders can be observed in mentally retarded subjects, with prevalence estimated to be three or four times higher than in the general population. Clinical features, longitudinal course and triggering factors are influenced by the characteristics of the intellectual disability. The aim of this paper is to discuss the specificity of the psychopharmacological therapy in mental retardation (sensitivity to specific psychotropic drugs, incidence of side effects, predictive criteria for evaluating risk factors, etc.) and to propose an update in the pharmacotherapy in the most important psychiatric disorders (mood disorders, psychotic disorders, behavioral disorders, anxiety disorders, attention deficit disorders with or without hyperactivity.
根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版》（DSM-IV），在智力迟钝患者中可观察到所有类型的精神障碍，其患病率估计比普通人群高两到三倍。临床特征、病程及诱发因素受智力残疾特征的影响。本文旨在探讨智力迟钝患者心理药物治疗的特殊性（对特定精神药物的敏感性、副作用发生率、评估风险因素的预测标准等），并对最重要的精神障碍（情绪障碍、精神障碍、行为障碍、焦虑障碍、伴或不伴多动的注意力缺陷障碍）的药物治疗提出更新建议。
