Piccirillo G, Bucca C, Bauco C, Cinti A M, Michele D, Fimognari F L, Cacciafesta M, Marigliano V
I Clinica Medica, Policlinico Umberto I, Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
Int J Cardiol. 1998 Jan 5;63(1):53-61. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5273(97)00282-9.
Altered autonomic regulation of cardiac function may contribute to the onset of cardiovascular disease and provide a substrate for malignant ventricular arrhythmias. This study was designed to assess cardiovascular neuroautonomic status in healthy subjects with short-term power spectral analysis of heart rate variability, including a group over 100 years of age, to identify a neuroautonomic pattern that could help to protect ultra-centenarians against cardiovascular disease. One hundred and twelve subjects (22 men and 90 women, age range 20 to 107 years) were subdivided into five age groups: <40 years (N=26, mean age 30.6+/-0.9); 41 to 60 years (N=27, mean age 51.9+/-1.2); 61 to 80 years (N=37, mean age 70.3+/-1.1); 81 to 100 (N=10, mean age 85.2+/-0.8) and older than 101 years (N=13, mean age: 103.6+/-0.6). Power spectral analysis with autoregressive algorithm provides two indexes of autonomic activity: a low-frequency component oscillating around 0.10 Hz, mainly reflecting sympathetic activity and a high-frequency component around 0.30 Hz, reflecting parasympathetic activity. Subjects 40 years of age or younger had significantly higher spectral high-frequency power values expressed in logarithmic form than the other age groups (P<0.05), the age group from 41 to 100 years had values similar to those of the other groups. However, the age group over 101 years had significantly higher values than the group from 81 to 100 years (P<0.05). Low-frequency spectral density expressed in logarithmic form and in normalized units decreased with age (P<0.0001). These data confirm an age-related decline in sympathetic activity. Compared with elderly subjects from 81 to 100 years of age ultra-centenarians have significantly higher spectral parasympathetic indexes. Parasympathetic predominance may be the neuroautonomic feature that helps to protect ultra-centenarians against cardiovascular disease.
心脏功能自主调节的改变可能促成心血管疾病的发生，并为恶性室性心律失常提供基础。本研究旨在通过对心率变异性进行短期功率谱分析，评估健康受试者的心血管神经自主状态，其中包括一组年龄超过100岁的人群，以确定一种有助于保护超级百岁老人预防心血管疾病的神经自主模式。112名受试者（22名男性和90名女性，年龄范围20至107岁）被分为五个年龄组：<40岁（N = 26，平均年龄30.6±0.9）；41至60岁（N = 27，平均年龄51.9±1.2）；61至80岁（N = 37，平均年龄70.3±1.1）；81至100岁（N = 10，平均年龄85.2±0.8）和101岁以上（N = 13，平均年龄：103.6±0.6）。采用自回归算法的功率谱分析提供了两个自主神经活动指标：一个围绕0.10Hz振荡的低频成分，主要反映交感神经活动；一个围绕0.30Hz的高频成分，反映副交感神经活动。40岁及以下的受试者以对数形式表示的频谱高频功率值显著高于其他年龄组（P<0.05），41至100岁的年龄组的值与其他组相似。然而，101岁以上的年龄组的值显著高于81至100岁的组（P<0.05）。以对数形式和标准化单位表示的低频频谱密度随年龄下降（P<0.0001）。这些数据证实了交感神经活动随年龄的下降。与81至100岁的老年受试者相比，超级百岁老人具有显著更高的频谱副交感神经指标。副交感神经优势可能是有助于保护超级百岁老人预防心血管疾病的神经自主特征。
