Wright S P, Mitchell E A, Thompson J M, Clements M S, Ford R P, Stewart A W
Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland.
N Z Med J. 1998 Jan 23;111(1058):14-6.
To identify risk factors for preterm birth.
A cross sectional study. The study population was 1800 infants selected randomly from all babies born over a three-year period. Of these, 85 (4.8%) were classified preterm (less than 37 completed weeks gestation). Data were collected from obstetric records and parental interviews.
Risk factors associated with an increased risk of preterm birth after controlling for potential confounders included smoking during pregnancy (adjusted relative risk (RR) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.3, 5.4), and multiple birth (adjusted RR = 48.8, 95% CI = 18.1, 131.4). Urinary tract infection was significant at the 7% level (adjusted RR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.0, 5.6). Alcohol intake in third trimester was associated with a reduced risk of preterm birth (adjusted RR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2, 0.7).
Maternal smoking and multiple births were the most important modifiable risk factors in this study for preterm birth and may contribute to 17% and 11% of preterm births respectively.
确定早产的风险因素。
一项横断面研究。研究人群为从三年期间出生的所有婴儿中随机选取的1800名婴儿。其中，85名（4.8%）被分类为早产（妊娠少于37足周）。数据从产科记录和对父母的访谈中收集。
在控制潜在混杂因素后，与早产风险增加相关的风险因素包括孕期吸烟（调整后相对风险（RR）=2.7，95%置信区间（CI）=1.3，5.4）和多胎妊娠（调整后RR = 48.8，95%CI = 18.1，131.4）。尿路感染在7%的水平上具有显著性（调整后RR = 2.3，95%CI = 1.0，5.6）。孕晚期饮酒与早产风险降低相关（调整后RR = 0.4，95%CI = 0.2，0.7）。
在本研究中，母亲吸烟和多胎妊娠是早产最重要的可改变风险因素，分别可能导致17%和11%的早产。
