Siemer S, Russ F, Mutschler W, Zwergel T
Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar.
Urologe A. 1997 Nov;36(6):513-22. doi: 10.1007/s001200050130.
Some of the most common lesions in patients with multiple traumas are injuries to the urinary system. A blunt trauma of the abdomen mainly leads to injuries of the kidney, ureter and/or bladder, whereas the external genitals are often damaged by contusions, decollements and even amputation. The multiply traumatized patient must necessarily be cared for and treated through an interdisciplinary cooperation. Thus, "urologisation" of the condition must be avoided, as must the non-recognition of urological injuries. Iatrogenic lesions are primarily observed in the context of urological, gynecological and surgical interventions. Immediate recognition may lead to early treatment, thereby avoiding possible, complications. The procedure for treating multiply traumatized patients will be shown using a plan of specific steps. Symptoms of injuries to the genitourinary system are usually not obvious. In most cases micro- and macro-hematuria are the leading symptoms, but they are not always demonstrable. In the acute phase the drainage of urine must be protected. It is mainly during the third step that urological lesions require surgical treatment. Catheterisation of the urethra may only be performed when the possibility of injury to it is excluded.
多发伤患者一些最常见的损伤是泌尿系统损伤。腹部钝性创伤主要导致肾脏、输尿管和/或膀胱损伤，而外生殖器常因挫伤、脱套伤甚至断离而受损。多发伤患者必须通过多学科合作进行护理和治疗。因此，必须避免对病情进行“泌尿外科化”处理，也要避免漏诊泌尿系统损伤。医源性损伤主要见于泌尿外科、妇科和外科手术干预过程中。及时识别可导致早期治疗，从而避免可能出现的并发症。将通过一个具体步骤计划展示多发伤患者的治疗过程。泌尿生殖系统损伤的症状通常不明显。在大多数情况下，镜下血尿和肉眼血尿是主要症状，但并非总是能检测到。在急性期，必须保护尿液引流。主要在第三步时，泌尿系统损伤需要手术治疗。只有在排除尿道损伤可能性时才可进行尿道插管。
