Romea Lecumberri S, Durán Pla E, Cabezos Otón J, Bada Aínsa J L
Dirección de Atención Primaria Gràcia-Horta-Guinardó. Subdivisión de Atención Primaria Barcelona Ciutat.
Med Clin (Barc). 1997 Nov 15;109(17):656-60.
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus markers of infection in immigrants, to explain the demographic factors determinant for the convenience of hepatitis B immunization and to evaluate the usefulness of previous screening based on the prevalence of infection.
Transversal descriptive study including 1,226 immigrants. Age, sex, birth place, serologic virus markers and vaccine convenience were analyzed. A logit model for each sex, the vaccination probabilities, contrasts related with a reference category and the odds ratios (OR) were estimated.
73.25% of immigrants were men. The mean of age was 29.57 (SD = 9.31) in men and 29.98 (SD = 13.89) in women. Men were mostly born in South Asia (32%) and women were in sub-Saharian Africa (35%). The probability of hepatitis B immunization convenience in both sex were 29.1% in those born in sub-Saharian Africa, and higher than 91.5% in those from America. This probability was higher than 85.8% up to twenty years old, and higher than 55.7% in older than forty. All zones showed a percentage of patients with hepatitis B immunization convenience greater than sub-Saharian Africa (OR +/- 2.4).
Age and birth place explain the convenience of hepatitis B immunization. In the American immigrants it would result more efficient the massive immunization, while in the sub-Saharian population it would be better a previous screening because the prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers of infection is very high. Probability of hepatitis B immunization convenience decreases as age increases.
本研究旨在了解移民中乙肝病毒感染标志物的流行情况，解释决定乙肝疫苗接种便利性的人口统计学因素，并根据感染流行率评估既往筛查的有用性。
横断面描述性研究，纳入1226名移民。分析年龄、性别、出生地、血清学病毒标志物和疫苗接种便利性。估计了每种性别的logit模型、接种概率、与参考类别相关的对比以及比值比（OR）。
73.25%的移民为男性。男性的平均年龄为29.57岁（标准差=9.31），女性为29.98岁（标准差=13.89）。男性大多出生于南亚（32%），女性出生于撒哈拉以南非洲（35%）。出生于撒哈拉以南非洲的人群中，男女乙肝疫苗接种便利性概率均为29.1%，而来自美洲的人群中这一概率高于91.5%。20岁及以下人群的这一概率高于85.8%，40岁以上人群高于55.7%。所有地区乙肝疫苗接种便利性患者的百分比均高于撒哈拉以南非洲（OR±2.4）。
年龄和出生地解释了乙肝疫苗接种的便利性。在美国移民中，大规模免疫接种可能更有效，而在撒哈拉以南人群中，由于乙肝病毒感染标志物的流行率非常高，进行既往筛查可能更好。乙肝疫苗接种便利性概率随年龄增长而降低。
